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Sea Anemone Kunitz Peptide HCIQ2c1: Structure, Modulation of TRPA1 Channel, and Suppression of Nociceptive Reaction In Vivo.
Mar Drugs
December 2024
Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119997 Moscow, Russia.
TRPA1 is a homotetrameric non-selective calcium-permeable channel. It contributes to chemical and temperature sensitivity, acute pain sensation, and development of inflammation. HCIQ2c1 is a peptide from the sea anemone that inhibits serine proteases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMechanisms of Action Underlying Conductance-Modifying Positive Allosteric Modulators of the NMDA Receptor.
Mol Pharmacol
November 2024
Departments of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory School of Medicine (E.Z.U., R.E.P., S.F.T.) and Chemistry (S.P., R.G.F., N.S.A., L.J., D.C.L.), Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are ionotropic glutamate receptors that mediate a slow, Ca-permeable component of excitatory neurotransmission. Modulation of NMDAR function has the potential for disease modification as NMDAR dysfunction has been implicated in neurodevelopment, neuropsychiatric, neurologic, and neurodegenerative disorders. We recently described the thieno[2,3-day]pyrimidin-4-one (EU1622) class of positive allosteric modulators, including several potent and efficacious analogs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConstitutive sodium permeability in a two-pore domain potassium channel.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
October 2024
University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, MeLiS, CNRS UMR 5284, INSERM U1314, Lyon 69008, France.
Article Synopsis
- Two-pore domain potassium (K2P) channels are crucial for regulating how cells respond to stimuli and function in the nervous system, and their selectivity filter structure is key to their ability to selectively allow potassium ions to pass.
- The nematode has a large family of K2P channels with 47 genes, and this study focuses on the UNC-58 channel which is uniquely permeable to sodium ions due to a specific cysteine in its selectivity filter.
- Through various experimental methods, the researchers found that UNC-58 causes depolarization in muscles and sensory neurons, leading to hypercontracted outcomes in gain-of-function mutants, highlighting the necessity of functional studies to understand how variations in selectivity filter sequences affect
Expression of the grapevine anion transporter ALMT2 in Arabidopsis root decreases shoot Cl-/NO3- ratio under salt stress.
J Exp Bot
October 2024
ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia.
Grapevines (Vitis vinifera, Vvi) are economically important crop plants which, when challenged with salt (NaCl) in soil and/or irrigation water, tend to accumulate Na+ and Cl- in aerial tissues impacting yield, and berry acceptability for winemaking. Grapevine (Vitis spp.) rootstocks vary in their capacity for shoot Cl- exclusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMechanosensitive recruitment of Vinculin maintains junction integrity and barrier function at epithelial tricellular junctions.
Curr Biol
October 2024
Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 1105 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address:
Apical cell-cell junctions, including adherens junctions and tight junctions, adhere epithelial cells to one another and regulate selective permeability at both bicellular junctions and tricellular junctions (TCJs). Although several specialized proteins are known to localize at TCJs, it remains unclear how actomyosin-mediated tension transmission at TCJs contributes to the maintenance of junction integrity and barrier function at these sites. Here, utilizing the embryonic epithelium of gastrula-stage Xenopus laevis embryos, we define a mechanism by which the mechanosensitive protein Vinculin helps anchor the actomyosin network at TCJs, thus maintaining TCJ integrity and barrier function.
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