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Principles of Current Vertebrate Neuromorphology.
Brain Behav Evol
May 2018
The Netherlands Institute for Neurosciences, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Causal analysis of molecular patterning at neural plate and early neural tube stages has shown that the central nervous system (CNS) of vertebrates is essentially organized into transverse neural segments or neuromeres and longitudinal zones which follow the curved axis of the brain. The intersection of the longitudinal and transverse patterning processes in the embryonic brain leads to the formation of a checkerboard pattern of distinct progenitor domains called "fundamental morphological units" (FMUs). The topologically invariant pattern formed by the ventricular surfaces of the FMUs of a given taxon represents the "Bauplan" or "blueprint" of the brain of that taxon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHistological classification of ovarian cancer.
Med Electron Microsc
March 2003
School of Health Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
The histology of ovarian tumors exhibits a wide variety of histological features. The histological classification of ovarian tumors by the World Health Organization (WHO) is based on histogenetic principles, and this classification categorizes ovarian tumors with regard to their derivation from coelomic surface epithelial cells, germ cells, and mesenchyme (the stroma and the sex cord). Epithelial ovarian tumors, which are the majority of malignant ovarian tumors, are further grouped into histological types as follows: serous, mucinous, endometrioid, clear cell, transitional cell tumors (Brenner tumors), carcinosarcoma, mixed epithelial tumor, undifferentiated carcinoma, and others.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModularity in vertebrate brain development and evolution.
Bioessays
December 2001
Institute of Anatomy, University of Essen School of Medicine, Germany.
Embryonic modularity and functional modularity are two principles of brain organization. Embryonic modules are histogenetic fields that are specified by position-dependent expression of patterning genes. Within each embryonic module, secondary and higher-level pattern formation takes places during development, finally giving rise to brain nuclei and cortical layers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeocortical malformation as consequence of nonadaptive regulation of neuronogenetic sequence.
Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev
August 2000
Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
Variations in the structure of the neocortex induced by single gene mutations may be extreme or subtle. They differ from variations in neocortical structure encountered across and within species in that these "normal" structural variations are adaptive (both structurally and behaviorally), whereas those associated with disorders of development are not. Here we propose that they also differ in principle in that they represent disruptions of molecular mechanisms that are not normally regulatory to variations in the histogenetic sequence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHistogenesis of nonurothelial carcinomas in the human and rat urinary bladder.
Exp Toxicol Pathol
September 1998
Center of Pathology of the University of Göttingen, Germany.
The histogenesis of nonurothelial carcinomas (squamous cell carcinoma, common adenocarcinoma, clear cell adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell adenocarcinoma and undifferentiated carcinomas) of the urinary bladder is difficult to understand, since the bladder is normally lined exclusively by transitional cell epithelium and contains no otherwise specified epithelia. In the present study we analysed the morphology and development of nontransitional cell carcinomas of the human and comparatively of the rat urinary bladder in an attempt to elucidate their histogenetic derivation. There is strong evidence that the underlying histogenetic principle consists in the well-known pluripotent metaplastic potency (squamous, columnar, goblet and signet ring cell, glandular and so-called nephrogenic metaplasia) of the normal and neoplastic urothelium as well, due to the complex embryologic origin of the bladder.
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