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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3773(20010316)40:6<1048::aid-anie10480>3.0.co;2-9 | DOI Listing |
Ornithopod dinosaurs appeared during the Middle Jurassic, but it was in the Lower Cretaceous they started their successful evolutionary history. Different phylogenies describing the evolutionary relationships of Ornithopoda are mostly based on cranial features, however there is a lack of well-preserved and complete skulls for the basal member of the clade, hampering our knowledge on the mode and tempo of these herbivorous dinosaurs. Here we describe YLSNHM 01942, a well-preserved skull of a juvenile neornithischian from the Liaoning Province of China.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, 519031 Hengqin, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
Manifold learning techniques have emerged as crucial tools for uncovering latent patterns in high-dimensional single-cell data. However, most existing dimensionality reduction methods primarily rely on 2D visualization, which can distort true data relationships and fail to extract reliable biological information. Here, we present DTNE (diffusive topology neighbor embedding), a dimensionality reduction framework that faithfully approximates manifold distance to enhance cellular relationships and dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTomography
January 2025
Department of Radiology, University of Padova, 35127 Padova, Italy.
This commentary examines Topological Data Analysis (TDA) in radiology imaging, highlighting its revolutionary potential in medical image interpretation. TDA, which is grounded in mathematical topology, provides novel insights into complex, high-dimensional radiological data through persistent homology and topological features. We explore TDA's applications across medical imaging domains, including tumor characterization, cardiovascular imaging, and COVID-19 detection, where it demonstrates 15-20% improvements over traditional methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Institute for Functional Matter and Quantum Technologies, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
Inverse design via topology optimization has led to innovations in integrated photonics and offers a promising way for designing high-efficiency on-chip couplers with a minimal footprint. In this work, we exploit topology optimization to design a compact vertical coupler incorporating a bottom reflector, which achieves sub-decibel coupling efficiency on the 220-nm silicon-on-insulator platform. The final design of the vertical coupler yields a predicted coupling efficiency of -0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Material Engineering, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec 1, Czech Republic.
Advances in the textile industry have led to a shift from using empirical experience to design fabrics to using computer-aided systems. Objective fabric properties related to appearance, feel, and comfort are predicted based on the physical models. The look and feel of fabrics are greatly influenced by their complex surface topology, which can be defined by two main properties: roughness and hairiness.
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