The course of meiosis in male-sterile trasgenic tobacco line res91 has been analysed. Cytological analysis included visualization of the spindle and phragmoplast. Abnormal meiosis was characterized with 1) cytomixis; 2) deformation of nuclei at prophase 2 in part of the cells, and lack of spindle formation in such cells at M2; 3) desorientation of spindles in meiosis 2. This set of abnormalities allows to suppose certain disturbancies of cytoskeleton during male meiosis in res91.
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Dev Cell
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences and Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore. Electronic address:
N-methyladenosine (mA) RNA modification and its effectors control various plant developmental processes, yet whether and how these effectors are transcriptionally controlled to confer functional specificity so far remain elusive. Herein, we show that a rice C2H2 zinc-finger protein, OsZAF, specifically activates the expression of OsFIP37 encoding a core component of the mA methyltransferase complex during microsporogenesis in rice anthers. OsFIP37, in turn, facilitates mA modification and stabilization of an auxin biosynthesis gene OsYUCCA3 to promote auxin biosynthesis in anthers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Genomics
January 2025
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, 270 S. Russell Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
Background: The profitability of the beef industry is directly influenced by the fertility rate and reproductive performance of both males and females, which can be improved through selective breeding. When performing genomic analyses, genetic markers located on the X chromosome have been commonly ignored despite the X chromosome being one of the largest chromosomes in the cattle genome. Therefore, the primary objectives of this study were to: (1) estimate variance components and genetic parameters for eighteen male and five female fertility and reproductive traits in Nellore cattle including X chromosome markers in the analyses; and (2) perform genome-wide association studies and functional genomic analyses to better understand the genetic background of male and female fertility and reproductive performance traits in Nellore cattle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701.
In species with genetic sex determination (GSD), the sex identity of the soma determines germ cell fate. For example, in mice, XY germ cells that enter an ovary differentiate as oogonia, whereas XX germ cells that enter a testis initiate differentiation as spermatogonia. However, numerous species lack a GSD system and instead display temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGigascience
January 2025
Centre for Evolutionary & Organismal Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Background: A thorough analysis of genome evolution is fundamental for biodiversity understanding. The iconic monotremes (platypus and echidna) feature extraordinary biology. However, they also exhibit rearrangements in several chromosomes, especially in the sex chromosome chain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenes (Basel)
November 2024
Laboratório de Citogenética Clínica, Centro de Genética Médica, Instituto Nacional da Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 22250-020, Brazil.
Background: Balanced chromosomal translocations occur in approximately 0.16 to 0.20% of live births.
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