Background: Severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is a complication of hormonal therapy for in vitro fertilization and carries the risk of renal failure. The injection of 6% hydroxyethyl starch has been used as a preventive measure.
Case: A 33-year-old woman was admitted with severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome after receiving gonadotropins as part of our in vitro fertilization protocol. Despite treatment with saline, albumin and abdominal taps, oliguria developed on the third day. The patient was transferred to the general intensive care unit and treated with 10% hydroxyethyl starch, furosemide and a further abdominal tap. Recovery was rapid.
Conclusion: Ten percent hydroxyethyl starch is an efficient plasma expander. It is safe, biohazard free and cost-effective. It seems to effectively control severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and to overcome acute prerenal failure. Larger prospective studies are necessary to further evaluate its role in the treatment of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.
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