Problem: Immunosuppressive fraction of boar seminal vesicle fluid (ISF) was tested to muffle primary and secondary antibody responses to xenotranfusions. Contemporaneously, heparin non-binding fraction of seminal plasma (H- fraction), presumed to be identical to ISF, was used to support the results.
Method: To study their similarity, ISF and H- fraction were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and the separated proteins by N-terminal sequencing. In sera of mice treated with ISF or H- fraction, the productions of antibodies against rat erythrocytes and blood serum were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The productions of IgM, IgA, and IgG subclasses were followed by sandwich ELISA.
Results: ISF and H- fraction were proved to be equal complexes of porcine seminal plasma (PSP) proteins PSP I and PSP II. Both inhibited antibody responses to rat erythrocytes and serum and the concentrations of IgM, IgG, IgG1 and IgG2 after the first transfusion with a long-lasting effect. Both suppressed the secondary antibody production if applied before the second transfusion. IgA and IgG3 stayed uninfluenced. ISF and H- fraction had an equal immunosuppressive effect.
Conclusions: ISF was characterized biochemically, found to be identical to H- fraction, and determined to be powerful in overcoming unwanted exaggerated antibody responses to xenotransfusion.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.8755-8920.2000.440602.x | DOI Listing |
Sci Immunol
January 2025
Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Vaccination strategies against HIV-1 aim to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) using prime-boost regimens with HIV envelope (Env) immunogens. Epitope mapping has shown that early antibody responses are directed to easily accessible nonneutralizing epitopes on Env instead of bnAb epitopes. Autologously neutralizing antibody responses appear upon boosting, once immunodominant epitopes are saturated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSTAR Protoc
January 2025
Guangzhou National Laboratory, Bio-Island, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510005, China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China. Electronic address:
Binding and neutralizing antibodies are critical indicators of protection against viral pathogens and are essential for assessing the immunogenicity and efficacy of a vaccine. Here, we present a protocol comprising two assays for measuring the spike-specific binding and neutralizing antibodies in mouse plasma following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination. We describe steps for determining binding antibody titers using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and assessing neutralizing antibody titers through a pseudovirus neutralization assay.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol
July 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
Objective: We aimed to assess risk of COVID-19 infection & seroprotection status in healthcare workers (HCWs) in both hospital and community settings following an intensive vaccination drive in India.
Setting: Tertiary Care Hospital.
Methods: We surveyed COVID-19 exposure risk, personal protective equipment (PPE) compliance, vaccination status, mental health & COVID-19 infection rate across different HCW cadres.
Insect Sci
January 2025
Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Respiration is a vital process essential for organism survival, with most terrestrial insects relying on a sophisticated tubular tracheal network. In the current study, a gene with repetitive sequence was identified within the silkworm genome. Designated as BmMuc91C, it contains a dozen repeated motifs "PSSSYGAPX" and "GGYSSGGX" in its sequence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSemin Immunopathol
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
The management of autoimmune diseases is currently limited by therapies that largely suppress the immune system, often resulting in partial and temporary remissions. Cellular immunotherapies offer a targeted approach by redirecting immune cells to correct the underlying autoimmunity. This review explores the latest advances in cellular immunotherapies for autoimmune diseases, focusing on various strategies, such as the use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, chimeric auto-antibody receptor (CAAR) T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and tolerogenic dendritic cells (TolDCs).
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