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Trends in novel antiandrogen receptor signal inhibitor use and medical costs in prostate cancer.
Cancer Med
December 2024
Department of Urology, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.
Objective: We aimed to examine trends in novel antiandrogen receptor signal inhibitor (ARSI) usage and medical costs by collecting real-world big data included in The National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan (NDB) Open Data, covering most of the clinical practices throughout Japan.
Methods: Usage data for outpatient prescriptions from 2016 to 2021 were extracted from the NDB Open Data. Among the 459,610 million tablets/capsules prescribed, prostate cancer-specific agents (bicalutamide, estramustine phosphate, flutamide, abiraterone, enzalutamide, apalutamide, and darolutamide) were selected to investigate the trends of usage and medical costs.
Neuroprotective effects of testosterone on sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in testosterone-deprived male mice.
Neuropharmacology
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, China. Electronic address:
This study aims to investigate whether androgen deprivation, simulating conditions of aging or disease-induced low testosterone levels, increases the susceptibility of male mice to sevoflurane neurotoxicity, and whether testosterone supplementation can reverse the toxic effects of sevoflurane. In here, young male mice were subjected to orchiectomy (ORC) to induce testosterone deprivation. Various techniques, including western blotting, immunofluorescence, Morris Water Maze, Golgi staining, and neuronal signal measurement, were used to evaluate the effects of sevoflurane on long-term (ORC 10 weeks) and short-term (ORC 2 weeks) testosterone deprivation, and assess whether testosterone (1 mg/kg 1 h before sevoflurane exposure) could mitigate sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmiR-449, identified through antiandrogen exposure, mitigates functional biomarkers associated with ovarian cancer risk.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
The involvement of the androgen receptor (AR) pathway in developing epithelial ovarian cancer is increasingly acknowledged. However, the specific mechanisms by which anti-androgen agents, such as flutamide, may prevent ovarian cancer and their efficacy remain unknown. This study was initiated by investigating the impact of flutamide on miRNA expression in women at high risk (HR) for ovarian cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaternal Androgens in Dominant Meerkats () Reduce Juvenile Offspring Health and Survivorship.
Ecol Evol
November 2024
University Program in Ecology, Duke University Durham North Carolina USA.
Article Synopsis
- - In meerkats, maternal androgen levels during late gestation can significantly impact offspring health, with high androgen levels linked to poorer immune function and increased parasite infections in juvenile offspring.
- - The study compared offspring from dominant and subordinate mothers, as well as those treated to block androgens, finding that offspring from antiandrogen-treated mothers exhibited better health outcomes and higher survival rates to adulthood.
- - This research highlights how maternal androgens, influenced by social competition among females, can impose early health costs on offspring, demonstrating potential negative effects on survival and immune responses in mammals.
The prognostic superiority of second-generation androgen receptor signaling inhibitor in patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Jpn J Clin Oncol
October 2024
Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare prognostic outcomes of administering first- or second-generation androgen receptor signaling inhibitors in non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and to find prognostic indicators.
Methods: This retrospective study included 198 patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer from 14 institutions associated with Tokai Urologic Oncology Research Seminar. Forty-two patients were treated with combined androgen blockade using first-generation inhibitors (bicalutamide or flutamide), and 156 were treated with second-generation inhibitors (abiraterone/enzalutamide or apalutamide/darolutamide) after primary androgen deprivation therapy failure.
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