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Background: Recent declines in HIV incidence among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in Africa are often attributed to the expansion of biomedical interventions such as antiretroviral therapy and voluntary medical male circumcision. However, changes in sexual behaviour may also play a critical role. Understanding the relative contributions of these factors is essential for developing strategies to sustain and further reduce HIV transmission.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: HIV acquisition among adolescents and young adults (AYA, 15-24 years) is influenced by individual factors, community factors, and public policies and programs. We explored the association of HIV incidence and prevalence with these factors over time among AYA in Rakai, Uganda.
Methods: We examined trends over nine survey rounds (2005-2020) of the Rakai Community Cohort Study (RCCS), an open population-based surveillance cohort of individuals living in 30 continuously followed communities in south-central Uganda (n= 35,938 person rounds).
Organ-sparing partial glansectomy: an alternative surgical management for invasive penile carcinoma-case report.
Transl Androl Urol
December 2024
Department of Urology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
Background: Penile cancer is a rare malignancy treated via various surgical techniques guided by disease stage and grade with current guidelines suggesting partial or total penectomy for those with pT2 or greater. We report a case of a patient with pT2 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis who underwent circumcision with left partial-glansectomy and resection of preputial mass with good oncological control while providing good urinary and sexual function.
Case Description: An 82-year-old male presented to the clinic due to a mass that doubled in size in an 8-month timeframe.
Evaluating Lichen Sclerosus in Phimosis: Insights From a Multidisciplinary Retrospective Study.
Australas J Dermatol
January 2025
Dermatology Department, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of lichen sclerosus (LS) in male patients undergoing circumcision for phimosis, emphasising the significance of a multidisciplinary approach in the early diagnosis and management of this condition.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 841 male patients who underwent circumcision at a high-volume medical centre between 2001 and 2023. Data were collected on clinical diagnoses made by both dermatologists and urologists, along with the corresponding histological findings.
Prevalence and factors associated with female genital mutilation/cutting among Tanzanian women who gave birth in the five years prior to the survey: A population-based study.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing and Public Health, The University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Background: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) poses a significant public health challenge in developing countries, leading to increased risks of adverse obstetric outcomes such as caesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, episiotomy, difficult labor, obstetric tears/lacerations, instrumental delivery, prolonged labor, and extended maternal hospital stays. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with FGM/C among Tanzanian women who had given birth within five years preceding the Survey.
Method: This study utilized an analytical cross-sectional design based on data from the 2015-2016 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicators Survey (TDHS-MIS).
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