Genetic engineering methods have been used successfully to modify the fatty acid profile of elite Australian germplasm of Brassica napus and B. juncea. Co-suppression plasmids carrying oleate desaturase genes from each species have been constructed and transferred into Australian elite breeding lines of B. napus and B. juncea using Agrobacterium tumifaciens plant-transformation techniques. Modifications to existing Brassica transformation protocols and the use of an intron-interrupted hygromycin-resistance gene as the selectable marker have resulted in improved transformation efficiencies. Silencing of the endogenous oleate desaturase genes has resulted in substantial increases in oleic acid levels, up to 89% in B. napus and 73% in B. juncea.
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Article Synopsis
- Successful interspecies hybridization requires a stable "2n" chromosome set to produce viable "n" gametes, often achieved by doubling chromosome numbers or through rare recombination events.
- In a study of third-generation hybrids resulting from a cross between Brassica juncea and B. napus, chromosome numbers varied significantly, indicating a complex genome structure influenced by unreduced gametes.
- The research found a higher frequency of unreduced gametes in the hybrids compared to the parent species, suggesting this mechanism is crucial for stabilizing and increasing fertility in hybrid offspring.
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