The skin consists of two main layers, epidermis and dermis, separated by the basement membrane. Epidermal-dermal communication through the basement membrane is important for skin homeostasis. The basement membrane contains specialized structures, called the anchoring complex, which ensure the stability of connection and communication between these two tissue compartments. The proteins within the anchoring complex provide links to both the intracellular cytoskeletal keratins in keratinocytes and connective tissue proteins of the dermis. One of the key components of the complex is laminin 5, which is essential to epidermal cell attachment. The biological function of laminin 5 has been investigated by using a skin equivalent model in vitro and during keratinocyte sheet grafting in vivo. As a major link between the epidermal basal cells and the papillary dermis, laminin 5 initiates hemidesmosome formation and provides stable attachment of the epidermis to the dermis. Laminin 5 also accelerates the assembly of basement membranes and may enhance the recovery of damaged skin. An intact basement membrane at the epidermal-dermal junction is essential to stability of the skin.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0923-1811(00)00142-0 | DOI Listing |
Front Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Background: Alport syndrome (AS) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder resulting from variants in genes coding for the alpha-3/4/5 chains of Collagen IV, leading to defective basement membranes in the kidney, cochlea, and eye. The clinical manifestations of AS vary in patients. Cases of childhood AS caused by presenting primarily with nephrotic syndrome (NS) are rarely reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi
January 2025
Department of Emergency, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an710003, China.
To explore clinical and genetic features of persistent asymptomatic microscopic hematuria in children. A retrospective case analysis of 135 individuals admitted to Xi 'an Children's Hospital with persistent asymptomatic microscopic haematuria between January 2016 to December 2023 was conducted. The demographic characteristics, kidney pathology and gene results of 135 individuals were analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKidney Int
January 2025
Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia. Electronic address:
Anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease is accompanied by insufficient antigen-specific T regulatory cells (Tregs) and clonally expanded antigen-specific T conventional cells (Tconvs). In particular, this applied to the immunodominant T cell auto- epitope of type IV collagen, α3(IV)NC1135-145 , presented by HLA-DR15. Here, we investigated whether Tregs engineered to express GBM-T cell receptors (TCR) specific for α3(IV)NC1135- 145 better suppress autoimmunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochem Biophys Res Commun
January 2025
Graduate School of Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:
Angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation, involves endothelial cell proliferation and migration, accompanied by the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Type IV collagen, a major ECM component, plays a critical role in vascular basement membrane regeneration, influencing cell polarity, migration, and survival. This study examines the regulatory role of Notch signaling, mediated by Notch3, in type IV collagen expression using TIG-1 fibroblasts and a co-culture angiogenesis model with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCI Insight
January 2025
Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Chronic wounds have emerged as a tough clinical challenge. An improved understanding of wound healing mechanisms is paramount. Collagen XVII (COL17), a pivotal constituent of hemidesmosomes, holds considerable promise for regulating epidermal cell adhesion to the basement membrane, as well as for epidermal cell motility and self-renewal of epidermal stem cells.
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