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Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.
Background: Differences in task-fMRI activation have recently been found to be related to neuropathological hallmarks of AD. However, the evolution of fMRI-based activation throughout AD disease progression and its relationship with other biomarkers remains elusive. Applying a disease progression model (DPM) to a multicentric cohort with up to four annual task-fMRI visits, we hope to provide a deeper insight into these relationships.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHippocampal dendritic spines store-operated calcium entry and endoplasmic reticulum content is dynamic microtubule dependent.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Data Analysis, Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnology, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Khlopina St. 11, St. Petersburg, Russia, 194021.
One of the mechanisms of calcium signalling in neurons is store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), which is activated when the calcium concentration in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) decreases and its protein-calcium sensor STIM (stromal interacting molecule) relocate to the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane junctions, forms clusters and induces calcium entry. In electrically non-excitable cells, STIM1 is coupled with the positive end of a tubulin microtubule through interaction with EB1 (end-binding) protein, which controls its oligomerization, SOCE and participates in ER movement. STIM2 homologue, which is specific for mature hippocampal dendritic spines, is known to interact with EB3 protein, however, not much is known about the role of this interaction in STIM2 clustering or ER trafficking in neurons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEEG Oscillations as Neuroplastic Markers of Neural Compensation in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation: The Role of Slow-Frequency Bands.
Brain Sci
December 2024
Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) affects approximately 250,000 to 500,000 individuals annually. Current therapeutic interventions predominantly focus on mitigating the impact of physical and neurological impairments, with limited functional recovery observed in many patients. Electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillations have been investigated in this context of rehabilitation to identify effective markers for optimizing rehabilitation treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuronal connection dysfunction is a convergent cause of cognitive deficits in mental disorders. Cognitive processes are finely regulated at the synaptic level by membrane proteins, some of which are shed and detectable in patients' cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, whether these soluble synaptic proteins can harnessed as innovative pro-cognitive factors to treat brain disorders remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVTA projections to M1 are essential for reorganization of layer 2-3 network dynamics underlying motor learning.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Neuroscience, Technion Medical School, Bat-Galim, Haifa, Israel.
Article Synopsis
- The primary motor cortex (M1) is essential for learning motor skills, and dopaminergic signaling from the ventral-tegmental area (VTA) plays a significant role in this process.
- Using techniques like calcium imaging and chemogenetic inhibition, researchers found that learning a dexterity task leads to a reorganization of M1 layer 2-3, changing how neurons connect and communicate while maintaining overall activity levels.
- Blocking VTA signals during learning halted these neural changes, highlighting the importance of dopaminergic input in developing outcome signaling and refined connectivity in M1, which is crucial for acquiring new motor skills.
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