Background: Abnormalities of upper gut motility, including a delay of gastric emptying and small bowel transit, found in patients with constipation may be secondary to factors originating in the colon or rectum as a result of faecal stasis. The aim was to determine if stimulation of mechanosensory function by rectal distension affects postprandial gallbladder emptying and release of gastrointestinal peptides participating in control of upper gut motility.
Materials And Methods: Eight healthy volunteers were studied with an electronic barostat and a plastic bag positioned in the rectum. Intrabag pressure was maintained at minimal distension pressure + 2 mmHg on one occasion and on a pressure that induced a sensation of urge on the other. Gallbladder volume and plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin (CCK), pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and peptide YY (PYY) were measured before and after ingestion of a 450-kcal mixed liquid meal.
Results: Rectal distension enhanced maximum gallbladder emptying from 66 +/- 7% to 78 +/- 5% (P < 0.05). Distension tended to increase integrated plasma PYY from 77 +/- 30 pM min to 128 +/- 40 pM min in the first hour after the meal (P = 0.08) and it suppressed integrated plasma PP from 1133 +/- 248 pM min to 269 +/- 284 pM min in the second hour (P < 0.05). Integrated plasma CCK concentrations were not significantly affected.
Conclusion: Mechanosensory stimulation of the rectum enhances postprandial gallbladder emptying and influences postprandial release of gut hormones involved in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility in healthy subjects. These mechanisms may play a role in the pathogenesis of the upper gastrointestinal motor abnormalities observed in constipated patients.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The Therapeutic Potential of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound in Enhancing Gallbladder Function and Reducing Inflammation in Cholesterol Gallstone Disease.
Bioengineering (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China.
Background: Cholesterol gallstone disease (CGS) is often accompanied by gallbladder contraction dysfunction and chronic inflammation, but effective therapeutic options remain limited. This study investigates whether a low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) treatment can improve gallbladder motility and alleviate chronic inflammation while exploring the underlying mechanisms.
Methods: Gallbladder motility was assessed through in vitro and in vivo contraction tests, while bile condition was evaluated by observing bile crystal clearance.
The application of hepatopancreatoduodenectomy in advanced gallbladder carcinoma: Patients' selection, surgical outcome and influence on survival compared to radical cholecystectomy.
Asian J Surg
November 2024
Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 East Yinghuayuan Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China. Electronic address:
Aim: to investigate hepatopancreatoduodenectomy (HPD) application in gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) and compare it to radical cholecystectomy (RC) regarding patients' characteristics, surgical outcome and survival.
Methods: Patients treated in our center were included. Three groups (HPD, RC, no-surgery) were compared.
Physiology and Pharmacology of Effects of GLP-1-based Therapies on Gastric, Biliary and Intestinal Motility.
Endocrinology
November 2024
Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and the dual GLP-1- and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor co-agonist tirzepatide (referred to here collectively as "GLP-1-based therapy") are incretin-based therapies being used increasingly in the management of both type 2 diabetes and obesity. They are now recognized to have beneficial effects beyond improved glycemic control and weight loss, including cardiovascular and renal protection. GLP-1-based therapy also slows gastric emptying, which has benefits (lowering postprandial glucose), but also potential risks (eg, hypoglycemia in individuals on insulin or sulphonylurea therapy).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSecretin infusion decreases food intake in healthy men-a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study.
Eur J Endocrinol
November 2024
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup 2900, Denmark.
Design: The hormone secretin, best known for regulating pH in the duodenum, has anorectic properties in mice proposedly mediated via secretin-induced brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation. We investigated the effects of exogenous secretin on ad libitum food intake, BAT activity, and postprandial physiology in healthy male volunteers.
Methods: In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study, 25 healthy men underwent two 5-h i.
Increased gallbladder emptying and reduced GLP-1 response in pregnancy with and without gestational diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes Obes Metab
February 2025
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark.
Article Synopsis
- - The study examined gallbladder emptying and GLP-1 hormone responses in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy and postpartum to understand GDM's impact on these processes.
- - Twenty women (15 with GDM and 15 with normal glucose tolerance) participated in mixed meal tests, revealing no differences in gallbladder emptying or GLP-1 responses between the two groups during pregnancy or after.
- - Results showed that while gallbladder volume and emptying increased significantly during pregnancy, GLP-1 responses decreased, indicating that changes in gallbladder function may not be the main factors contributing to reduced GLP-1 levels in women with GDM.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!