A new method for the radiological investigation of residual ridge resorption in the maxilla.

Objectives: To develop a new method for assessing residual ridge resorption in the edentulous maxilla.

Methods: Defined experimental and reference areas in the maxilla were drawn on transparent film laid over a panoramic radiograph and digitized. Bone areas were measured with an integrated planimetry program and expressed as a ratio R. The effect of positioning errors on reliability of the method was investigated on dry skulls. The correlation between the change in ratio and actual bone loss was examined by progressively reducing the height of an artificial residual ridge on one skull.

Results: The coefficient of variation for the absolute ratio in different head positions was < 0.05 and its correlation coefficient of the change in R and the degree of resorption was r2 > or = 98.3%, P = 0.0001.

Conclusions: Comparison of the experimental area with the reference area on serial panoramic radiographs appears suitable for the assessment of residual resorption in the maxilla.