Analytical density functional theory of homogeneous vapor condensation.

Starting from an exact gradient transcription of the perturbative density functional theory of homogeneous vapor condensation, we propose an analytical approximation that reproduces the density profile and free energy of critical fluctuations to high accuracy. For a broad variety of substances, including nonpolar, weakly polar, and metallic liquids, the method predicts nucleation rates that are orders of magnitude closer to experiment than those from the classical approach. The present treatment incorporates detailed molecular theory into macroscopic modeling.