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Age- and Sex-Specific Regulation of Serine Racemase in the Retina of an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry, and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Purpose: Changes associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) may have measurable effects on the retina, which may facilitate early detection due to the eye's accessibility. Retinal pathology and the regulation of serine racemase (SR) were investigated in the retinas of APP(SW)/PS1(∆E9) mice.
Methods: SR in the retinas and the content of D-serine in the aqueous humor were analyzed.
The role of mTOR activation in steroid-resistant asthma: insights from particulate matter-induced mouse model and patient studies.
Inflamm Res
January 2025
Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea.
Particulate matter (PM) exposure has been proposed as one of the causes of steroid resistance. However, studies investigating this using patient samples or animals are still lacking. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in cytokines and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) activation in patients with steroid resistant asthma and the role of mTOR in a mouse model of steroid resistant asthma induced by PM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTesting the kinetic tradeoff between bicarbonate versus phosphoenolpyruvate affinity and glucose-6 phosphate response of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from two C grasses.
Photosynth Res
January 2025
School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, 406 Abelson Hall, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxylase (PEPC) has an anaplerotic role in central plant metabolism but also initiates the carbon concentrating mechanism during C photosynthesis. The C PEPC has different binding affinities (K) for PEP (K) and HCO (K), and allosteric regulation by glucose-6-phosphate (G6-P) compared to non-photosynthetic isoforms. These differences are linked to specific changes in amino acids within PEPC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApelin-13 inhibits ischemia-reperfusion mediated podocyte apoptosis by reducing m-TOR phosphorylation to enhance autophagy.
FASEB J
January 2025
Department of Urology, Capital Medical University Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, China.
Podocytes are essential to maintain the normal filtration function of glomerular basement membrane, which could be injured by ischemia-reperfusion. As complicated function of autophagy in terminal differentiated podocytes, autophagy dysfunction might contribute to I/R induced renal dysfunction following glomerular filtration membrane (GFM) injuries. Meanwhile, apelin-13, an endogenous polypeptide, has been proved to be effective in regulating autophagy and apoptosis in podocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe integral role of in brain function: from neurogenesis to synaptic plasticity and social behavior.
Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars)
January 2025
Laboratory of Animal Models, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
The phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) gene is a critical tumor suppressor that plays an essential role in the development and functionality of the central nervous system. Located on chromosome 10 in humans and chromosome 19 in mice, PTEN encodes a protein that regulates cellular processes such as division, proliferation, growth, and survival by antagonizing the PI3K‑Akt‑mTOR signaling pathway. In neurons, PTEN dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol‑3,4,5‑trisphosphate (PIP3) to PIP2, thereby modulating key signaling cascades involved in neurogenesis, neuronal migration, and synaptic plasticity.
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