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A Double Fluorescent Staining Method Increases the Sensitivity of the Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus Assay.
Methods Protoc
January 2025
Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi "Roma Tre", 00146 Rome, Italy.
The micronucleus test is one of the most popular genotoxicity assays. In order to avoid underestimation of micronuclei frequencies by counting non-replicating cells, the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus test has been developed. In this technique, only binucleated cells are scored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTelomerase RNA structural heterogeneity in living human cells detected by DMS-MaPseq.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
Biogenesis of human telomerase requires its RNA subunit (hTR) to fold into a multi-domain architecture that includes the template-pseudoknot (t/PK) and the three-way junction (CR4/5). These hTR domains bind the telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) protein and are essential for telomerase activity. Here, we probe hTR structure in living cells using dimethyl sulfate mutational profiling with sequencing (DMS-MaPseq) and ensemble deconvolution analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn silico and in vitro evaluation of the potential genotoxic impurities of vildagliptin.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, 34755, Ataşehir, Istanbul, Turkey.
Establishing the safety of impurities in drug substances or products is crucial. The assessment of genotoxicity for these impurities and determining the acceptable limits pose considerable challenges, as recognized in recent guidelines. While the genotoxicity profile of vildagliptin-an oral hypoglycemic drug-is well established, there is limited knowledge about the genotoxic potential of its impurities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModern Approach to Testing the Biocompatibility of Osteochondral Scaffolds in Accordance with the 3Rs Principle─Preclinical , , and Studies Using the Biphasic Curdlan-Based Biomaterial.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng
January 2025
Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive set of biological tests to assess the biomedical potential of novel osteochondral scaffolds with methods proposed to comply with the 3Rs principle, focusing here on a biphasic Curdlan-based osteochondral scaffold as a promising model biomaterial. experiments include the evaluation of cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity referring to ISO standards, the assessment of the viability and proliferation of human chondrocytes and osteoblasts, and the estimation of inflammation after direct contact of biomaterials with human macrophages. experiments include assessments of the response of the surrounding osteochondral tissue after incubation with the implanted biomaterial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSafety and antioxidant assessments of BLR-E50, 50% ethanolic extract from red beans co-fermented by Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus bulgaricus.
Food Chem Toxicol
January 2025
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Since red beans have poor textural properties, fermentation is commonly used to help produce better pulse products. To obtain BLR-E50, red beans are fermented using a co-culture of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus bulgaricus, followed by extraction with 50% ethanol. The present data demonstrate that BLR-E50 did not exhibit mutagenicity, genotoxicity, or subacute oral toxicity.
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