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Evolution and ecology of anti-defence systems in phages and plasmids.
Curr Biol
January 2025
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address:
Prokaryotes (Bacteria and Archaea) encode a highly diversified arsenal of defence systems that protect them against mobile genetic elements, such as phages and plasmids. In turn, mobile genetic elements encode anti-defence systems that allow them to escape the activity of these defence systems. This has resulted in an evolutionary arms race in which defence systems and anti-defence systems evolve and adapt continuously, driving intriguing innovation and enormous diversification on both sides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe roots of the Institut Pasteur's "Grand Cours".
Res Microbiol
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Catholic Institute Hospital Group Lille, GHICL 115 Rue Du Grand but, 59462, Lomme cedex, France.
The article presents an analysis of the history of the microbiology course delivered during the inaugural operational year of the Institut Pasteur in Paris. The year 1889 is examined through the lens of three hitherto unknown volumes that bring together the microbiology lectures delivered at the end of the 19th century. The course was entirely independent from the teaching provided by the universities or faculties of medicine and rapidly gained international recognition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhototransformation and photoreactivity of MPs-DOM in aqueous environment: Key role of MPs structure decoded by optical and molecular signatures.
J Hazard Mater
December 2024
MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China. Electronic address:
The dissolved organic matter (DOM) derived from microplastics (MPs-DOM) can be one of the photoactive components in DOM. However, information on the properties and photoreactivity of MPs-DOM during phototransformation is limited. Here, we investigated the properties and photoreactivity of MPs-DOM from polyolefins (MPs-DOM-POs), MPs-DOM derived from benzene-containing polymers (MPs-DOM-BCPs), and Suwannee River natural organic matter (SR-NOM), during a 168-hour phototransformation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew insights into the phylogenetic relationships within the Lauraceae from mitogenomes.
BMC Biol
October 2024
Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China.
Article Synopsis
- - The family Lauraceae consists of six main lineages, but there have been disputes regarding their evolutionary relationships due to differing findings from nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) and chloroplast (cp) data.
- - The study analyzed the mitochondrial genome of Machilus yunnanensis and reconstructed phylogenetic relationships using 41 mt genes from 92 Lauraceae species, revealing distinct groupings among the lineages, although inconsistencies with nrDNA and cp phylogenies were noted, particularly in certain species.
- - Time-calibrated analyses indicated significant diversification events among these lineages from the Late Cretaceous to the present, with earlier origins for lineages such as Cryptocaryeae and Laureae identified, undersc
Islands are engines of language diversity.
Nat Ecol Evol
October 2024
Macroevolution and Macroecology, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
Islands have played a prominent role in evolutionary and ecological theory, centring the theoretical framework for understanding biodiversity in terms of isolation and area and providing 'laboratories' of evolutionary change and adaptive radiation. However, a similar role for islands in understanding global language diversity has not been established, even though one-sixth of the world's languages are spoken on islands which account for <1% of the inhabited land area. The striking diversity of island languages remains largely unexplained.
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