Ziprasidone (5-[2-(4-(1,2,-benzisothiazol-3-yl) piperazin-l-yl] ethyl]-6 -chloro indolin-2-one hydrochloride hydrate) is a novel antipsychotic with a pattern of receptor occupancy and preclinical attributes predictive of broad therapeutic efficacy and a favourable tolerability profile in the treatment of psychotic illness. Clinical trials indicate that ziprasidone is effective against positive, negative and affective symptoms in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder with minimal motor, cognitive, weight gain, prolactin related, or anticholinergic side effects. In addition, an im. formulation appears to be rapidly effective with significantly less motor side effect liability than haloperidol.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/13543784.9.4.819 | DOI Listing |
Biomedicines
January 2025
Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Antipsychotic medications are a vast class of drugs used for the treatment of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. Although numerous compounds have been developed since their introduction in the 1950s, several patients do not adequately respond to current treatments, or they develop adverse reactions that cause treatment discontinuation. Moreover, in the past few decades, discoveries in the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders have opened the way for experimenting with novel compounds that have alternative mechanisms of action, with some of them showing promising results in early trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Exp Metastasis
January 2025
Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies Vei 91, Bergen, 5009, Norway.
The blood-brain barrier and the distinct brain immunology provide challenges in translating commonly used chemotherapeutics to treat intracranial tumors. Previous reports suggest anti-tumoral effects of antipsychotics, encouraging investigations into potential treatment effects of neuroleptics on brain metastases. For the first time, the therapeutic potential of the antipsychotic drug clozapine in treating melanoma brain metastases (MBM) was investigated using three human MBM cell lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Psychiatry
January 2025
Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) involve disturbances in the integration of perception, emotion and cognition. The corticolimbic system is an interacting set of cortical and subcortical brain regions critically involved in this process. Understanding how neural circuitry and molecular mechanisms within this corticolimbic system may contribute to the development of not only positive symptoms but also negative and cognitive deficits in SSD has been a recent focus of intense research, as the latter are not adequately treated by current antipsychotic medications and are more strongly associated with poorer functioning and long-term outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchizophr Bull
January 2025
Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Background And Hypothesis: Identifying biomarkers at onset and specifying the progression over the early course of schizophrenia is critical for better understanding of illness pathophysiology and providing novel information relevant to illness prognosis and treatment selection. Studies of antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia in China are making contributions to this goal.
Study Design: A review was conducted for how antipsychotic-naïve first-episode patients were identified and studied, the investigated biological measures, with a focus on neuroimaging, and how they extend the understanding of schizophrenia regarding the illness-related brain abnormality, treatment effect characterization and outcome prediction, and subtype discovery and patient stratification, in comparison to findings from western populations.
Brain Behav Immun Health
February 2025
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Institute Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by a variety of symptoms broadly categorized into positive, negative, and cognitive domains. Its etiology is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay of genetic, neurobiological, and environmental factors, and its neurobiology is associated with abnormalities in different neurotransmitter systems. Due to this multifactorial etiology and neurobiology, leading to a wide heterogeneity of symptoms and clinical presentations, current antipsychotic treatments face challenges, underscoring the need for novel therapeutic approaches.
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