A 44-year-old woman presented with a painful abducens nerve palsy in the left eye. Examination revealed a white, quiet eye and an orbital bruit without proptosis. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated abnormal ipsilateral dural-based enhancement. Angiography confirmed a posterior draining carotid-cavernous fistula. Symptoms resolved spontaneously in approximately 8 months. The classification and treatment options for carotid-cavernous fistula are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6257(00)00144-2 | DOI Listing |
J Neurosurg Case Lessons
January 2025
The Trauma and Neuroscience Institutes, St. John's Hospital and Medical Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma.
Background: Direct carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are relatively rare but dangerous complications of penetrating traumatic brain injury or maxillofacial trauma. A variety of clinical signs have been described, including ophthalmological and neurological ones. In some cases, severely altered cerebral blood flow can present as massive life-threatening bleeding through the nose, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and/or intraparenchymal hemorrhage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are abnormal connections between the carotid artery and cavernous sinus, often causing ocular symptoms like chemosis, proptosis, and diplopia. Endovascular embolization is the preferred treatment, typically performed via the transfemoral transvenous route through the inferior petrosal sinus (IPS). However, we present a case and a systematic review of indirect CCF treated through deep orbital puncture of the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) for embolization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrbit
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Purpose: Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are treated almost exclusively by endovascular techniques, but the frequency of treatments is limited in smaller centers. We analyzed all CCFs treated in our hospital to determine if high-quality treatment of CCFs can be provided in a medium-volume neurovascular center.
Methods: Retrospective quality-control cohort study.
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MYS.
We report a rare case of a missed intracavernous internal carotid artery dissecting aneurysm occurring as a complication of the base of skull fracture with severe brain injury causing acute cavernous sinus syndrome with permanent vision loss. A 31-year-old Myanmar lady had an alleged motor vehicle accident and suffered severe traumatic brain injury with multiple intracranial bleeds, multiple facial bone and base of skull fractures, and limb fractures. At one week post-trauma, she had severe right eye proptosis with vision loss, ophthalmoplegia, chemosis, and high intraocular pressure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicina (Kaunas)
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 402, Taiwan, China.
Traumatic direct type carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is an acquired arteriovenous shunt between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus post severe craniofacial trauma or iatrogenic injury. We reported a 46-year-old woman who had developed a traumatic direct type CCF after severe head trauma with a skull base fracture and brain contusion hemorrhage. The clinical manifestations of the patient included pulsatile exophthalmos, proptosis, bruits, chemosis, and a decline in consciousness.
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