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Hepatotoxicity in Cancer Immunotherapy: Diagnosis, Management, and Future Perspectives.
Cancers (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy.
Cancer immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, has positively impacted oncological treatments. Despite its effectiveness, immunotherapy is associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that can affect any organ, including the liver. Hepatotoxicity primarily manifests as immune-related hepatitis and, less frequently, cholangitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffectiveness of Cold Smoking on Inactivating Murine Norovirus in Salami-Like Pork Sausages (Mettwurst), and Hepatitis E Virus and Murine Norovirus in Solution.
Food Environ Virol
January 2025
Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic virus that infects humans when virus-containing pork products are consumed. This study aimed to explore MNV (murine norovirus) and HEV inactivation during cold smoking and ripening/fermentation treatments used for salami-like sausages (mettwurst). MNV inactivation was monitored in culture medium solution and in sausage while being subjected to a salami-like sausage manufacturing process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExisting problems and new advice on stage criteria of natural history for chronic hepatitis B.
BMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang Province, China.
The natural stages of chronic hepatitis B can be divided into four stages according to changes in virology, biochemistry, and pathology. However, there have been significant differences in the recommended stage criteria in the several major guidelines for chronic hepatitis B, especially regarding the immune tolerance phase. Inconsistent standards of indicators for different stages resulted in some problems, such as incorrect stage, uncertain stages and poor comparation of related studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReal-life study on the effectiveness and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir-based antiviral agents for hepatitis C eradication in Chinese patients.
J Virus Erad
December 2024
Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication with sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) represents a significant advancement, offering hope for eliminating the virus in diverse patient populations. But real-world data on its effectiveness and safety remains scarce for patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in China, especially those with HCV GT3b, cirrhosis, hepato-cellular carcinoma (HCC), or HCV/hepatitis B (HBV), HCV/HIV, or HCV/HBV/HIV coinfection.
Methods: In this real-world prospective observational study, we recruited patients from the West China Hospital and Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu in China.
Unexplained Chronically Elevated Aminotransferases: Liver Biopsy Gives Major Information with Therapeutic Implication in One Patient Out of Seven.
Dig Dis Sci
December 2024
Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Paris, France.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate the importance of liver biopsy in patients with unexplained elevated transaminases, following current clinical guidelines.
- A retrospective analysis of 87 patients revealed that 48% had minimal or normal liver tissue changes, while different injury patterns were identified in varying percentages: steatosis (21%), hepatitis (13%), vascular (8%), and biliary (1%).
- Ultimately, liver biopsy significantly impacted clinical management in 15% of cases, helping diagnose conditions like autoimmune hepatitis and metabolic dysfunction, but most patients showed little to no significant pathology.
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