Observation of clustering of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECR) suggests that they are emitted by compact sources. Assuming small ( <3 degrees ) deflection of UHECR during the propagation, the statistical analysis of clustering allows an estimate of the spatial density of the sources h(*), including those not yet observed. When applied to astrophysical models involving extragalactic sources, the estimate based on 14 events with energy E>10(20) eV gives h(*) approximately 6x10(-3) Mpc(-3). With increasing statistics, this estimate may lead to exclusion of some models.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.1154 | DOI Listing |
Brain
January 2025
Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
Although the pathophysiology of migraine involves a complex ensemble of peripheral and central nervous system changes that remain incompletely understood, the activation and sensitization of the trigeminovascular system is believed to play a major role. However, non-invasive, in vivo neuroimaging studies investigating the underlying neural mechanisms of trigeminal system abnormalities in human migraine patients are limited. Here, we studied 60 patients with migraine (55 females, mean age ± SD: 36.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem Lett
January 2025
Department of Nature and Environment, Faculty of Liberal Arts, The Open University of Japan, Chiba 261-8586, Japan.
In this work, we study the plexciton in the far-ultraviolet region formed between indium nanoclusters and water molecules. The indium clusters are fabricated on graphene under ultrahigh vacuum conditions and show a strong localized surface plasmon polariton (LSP) absorption band at 6-7 eV. Adsorption of water molecules onto the clusters at 115 K induces a band splitting larger than 1 eV, indicating a strong coupling between the LSP and water 4a ← 1b transition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
January 2025
School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
Fracture toughness is a critical indicator for the application of NiTi alloys in medical fields. We propose to enhance the fracture toughness of NiTi alloys by controlling the spatial grain size (GS) gradient. Utilizing rolling processes and heat treatment technology, three categories of NiTi alloys with distinct spatial GS distributions were fabricated and subsequently examined through multi-field synchronous fracture tests.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory of Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Ammonia synthesis via nitrate electroreduction is more attractive and sustainable than the energy-extensive Haber-Bosch process and intrinsically sluggish nitrogen electroreduction. Herein, we have designed a single-site Cu catalyst on hierarchical nitrogen-doped carbon nanocage support (Cu/hNCNC) for nitrate electroreduction, which achieves an ultrahigh ammonia yield rate (YR) of 99.4 mol h g (2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
January 2025
Institute of Physical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic.
Blue phosphorene, a two-dimensional, hexagonal-structured, semiconducting phosphorus, has gained attention as it is considered easier to synthesize on metal surfaces than its allotrope, black phosphorene. Recent studies report different structures of phosphorene, for example, on Cu(111), but the underlying mechanisms of their formation are not known. Here, using a combination of in situ ultrahigh vacuum low-energy electron microscopy and in vacuo scanning tunneling microscopy, we determine the time evolution of the surface structure and morphology during the deposition of phosphorus on single-crystalline Cu(111).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!