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To determine emergency management of overdose relating to gastrointestinal decontamination procedures in Scottish Accident & Emergency (A & E) Departments. A postal questionnaire was sent to the 28 main A & E Departments in Scotland. There was a 75% response rate. Nineteen departments(90%) continue to perform gastric lavage, with the majority carrying out this procedure more than one hour post-ingestion of commonly presenting overdoses. Sixteen departments (76%) regularly administer activated charcoal and four (19%) use syrup of ipecacuanha. Twenty departments (95%) had access to Toxbase. The majority of respondents (86%) feel there is a need for standardisation of treatment in acute overdose. Despite the availability of guidelines provided by the UK National Poisons Information Service and the Position Statements, there is no consensus in the actual management of acute overdose among Scottish A&E departments.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003693300004500305 | DOI Listing |
Int J Mol Sci
March 2025
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common side effect of acetaminophen (APAP) overdose. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is the most abundant flavonoid in rattan tea, which has a wide range of pharmacological effects. In the current study, APAP-induced AKI models were established both in vivo and in vitro.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacol Res
March 2025
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States; Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States; Gill Institute for Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States. Electronic address:
Recreational use of synthetic cannabinoid agonists (i.e., "spice compounds") that target the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB) can cause acute respiratory failure in humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
February 2025
General Surgery, Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune, USA.
Pneumoperitoneum, characterized by free air in the peritoneal cavity, typically signals significant intra-abdominal pathology, often due to perforated hollow viscera requiring urgent surgical intervention. However, spontaneous idiopathic pneumoperitoneum, particularly in pregnant patients, is rare and poorly understood. This case report details a 41-year-old female, 24 weeks pregnant status post two rounds of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), who presented unresponsive after a suspected overdose.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
March 2025
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, HealthPartners, Minneapolis, USA.
Ethyl ester, chemically known as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), is a widely-used herbicide. It is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a Class II moderately hazardous herbicide, and its accidental or intentional ingestion can lead to multiorgan dysfunction and death. Overlap in presenting symptoms to other chemical poisonings makes it crucial to have a high clinical suspicion for this poisoning diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pharmacol
February 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Introduction: Acetaminophen (APAP) is widely used as an analgesic and antipyretic. However overdose APAP can lead to acute liver injury (ALI), representing a significant challenge for public health due to limited treatment options. Current research highlights the need for safer and more effective therapies for APAP-induced liver injury, especially those that target oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways.
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