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Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, USA.
Best current practice in the analysis of dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI is to employ a voxel-by-voxel model selection from a hierarchy of nested models. This nested model selection (NMS) assumes that the observed time-trace of contrast-agent (CA) concentration within a voxel, corresponds to a singular physiologically nested model. However, admixtures of different models may exist within a voxel's CA time-trace.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJBRA Assist Reprod
December 2024
Christus University Center (Unichristus), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Due to its documented records and technological achievements, in vitro embryo creation technology is still honored worldwide forty years after Louise Brown's birth on July 25, 1978. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that one in six people globally who are of reproductive age may have infertility at some point in their lives. In this environment, it has become noteworthy for couples or patients to want to become pregnant through operations carried out by Assisted Human Reproduction Centers (AHRCs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Cancer
August 2024
The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
PARP inhibitor (PARPi) therapy has transformed outcomes for patients with homologous recombination DNA repair (HRR) deficient ovarian cancers, for example those with BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene defects. Unfortunately, PARPi resistance is common. Multiple resistance mechanisms have been described, including secondary mutations that restore the HR gene reading frame.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStud Health Technol Inform
July 2024
Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
N Engl J Med
October 2024
From the Desmond Tutu HIV Centre (L.-G.B., K.G., G.N., Y.S.) and the Department of Medicine, Vuka Research Clinic (A.M.W.), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, the Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (Q.A.K.), Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, University of KwaZulu-Natal (I.H., L.E.M., D.M., M.N., D.P.), the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Wits Maternal, Adolescent, and Child Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand (M.J.), Africa Health Research Institute (L.L.), and the HIV and Other Infectious Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council (V.N., L.N., S.P., N.S., E.S.), Durban, Setshaba Research Centre, Tshwane City (K.A.), the Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria (K.A.), and the Aurum Institute, Pretoria Clinical Research Site (Z.Z.), Pretoria, the Foundation for Professional Development, Ndevana Community Research Site (J.B.), and Synergy Biomed Research Institute (M. Malahleha), East London, the Clinical Research Division, the Aurum Institute, Rustenburg (W.B.), Qhakaza Mbokodo Research Clinic (P.K.) and La Verna Hospital (P.K.), Ladysmith, Madibeng Centre for Research, Brits (C.E.L.), the Aurum Institute (M. Manentsa) and Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand (N.N., T.P.-P.), Johannesburg, the Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Kliptown-Aeroton Clinical Research Site, University of the Witwatersrand, Soweto (R.P.), and the Aurum Institute, Klerksdorp Clinical Research Site, Klerksdorp (P.S.) - all in South Africa; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA (M.D., R.E., Y.Z., A.K., C.C.C., J.M.B.); the Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York (Q.A.K.); the Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville (W.B.); Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization, Kalisizo (G.K.), the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Makerere University School of Public Health (N.K., F.M.K.), and Makerere University-Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration (F.M.K.), Kampala - all in Uganda; the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle (T.P.-P.); and Gilead Sciences, Cambridge, United Kingdom (C.D.).
Background: There are gaps in uptake of, adherence to, and persistence in the use of preexposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention among cisgender women.
Methods: We conducted a phase 3, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial involving adolescent girls and young women in South Africa and Uganda. Participants were assigned in a 2:2:1 ratio to receive subcutaneous lenacapavir every 26 weeks, daily oral emtricitabine-tenofovir alafenamide (F/TAF), or daily oral emtricitabine-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (F/TDF; active control); all participants also received the alternate subcutaneous or oral placebo.
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