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Swarming bacteria exhibit developmental phase transitions to establish scattered colonies in new regions.
ISME J
January 2025
Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Biodesign Institue, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287.
The collective surface motility and swarming behavior of microbes play a crucial role in the formation of polymicrobial communities, shaping ecosystems as diverse as animal and human microbiota, plant rhizospheres, and various aquatic environments. In the human oral microbiota, T9SS-driven gliding bacteria transport non-motile microbes and bacteriophages as cargo, thereby influencing the spatial organization and structural complexity of these polymicrobial communities. However, the physical rules governing the dispersal of T9SS-driven bacterial swarms are barely understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEscherichia coli phage-inducible chromosomal island aids helper phage replication and represses the LEE pathogenicity island.
ISME J
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Canada.
In this study, we identify and characterize a novel phage-inducible chromosomal island found in commensal Escherichia coli MP1. This novel element, EcCIMP1, is induced and mobilized by the temperate helper phage vB_EcoP_Kapi1. EcCIMP1 contributes to superinfection immunity against its helper phage, impacting bacterial competition outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsights into the dynamics and evolution of Rummeliibacillus stabekisii prophages in extreme environments: from Antarctic soil to spacecraft floors.
Extremophiles
December 2024
Laboratório de Ecologia E Biotecnologia Microbiana, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Bloco I, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.
Since prophages can play a multifaceted role in bacterial evolution, this study aims to characterize the virome of Rummeliibacillus stabekisii, a bacterium isolated from different environments, including Antarctic soil and NASA spacecraft floors. From the analyses, it was found that the Antarctic strain, PP9, had the largest number of prophages, including intact ones, indicating potential benefits for survival in adverse conditions. In contrast, other strains harbored predominantly degenerate prophages, suggesting a dynamic process of gene gain and loss during evolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCRISPR in mobile genetic elements: counter-defense, inter-element competition and RNA-guided transposition.
BMC Biol
December 2024
Computational Biology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA.
CRISPR are adaptive immunity systems that protect bacteria and archaea from viruses and other mobile genetic elements (MGE) via an RNA-guided interference mechanism. However, in the course of the host-parasite co-evolution, CRISPR systems have been recruited by MGE themselves for counter-defense or other functions. Some bacteriophages encode fully functional CRISPR systems that target host defense systems, and many others recruited individual components of CRISPR systems, such as single repeat units that inhibit host CRISPR systems and CRISPR mini-arrays that target related viruses contributing to inter-virus competition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe bad neighbor: Prophage competition in Salmonella during macrophage infection.
Cell Host Microbe
December 2024
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. Electronic address:
Sargen and Helaine discover a prophage competition element in Salmonella that inhibits the lytic cycle of co-resident prophages by cleaving a subset of cellular tRNAs. During Salmonella pathogenesis in macrophages, a persister subset experiences prophage induction and competition, reducing release of immunogenic cellular components and altering macrophage response to infection.
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