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Synchronization in spiking neural networks with short and long connections and time delays.
Chaos
January 2025
Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille 13005, France.
Article Synopsis
- Synchronization in brain networks is crucial for processing information, but time delays in signal transmission can significantly influence this process, especially in more complex spiking neural networks.
- The study involves investigating synchronization conditions and dynamics in a two-dimensional network of adaptive exponential integrate-and-fire neurons, focusing on how delay impacts this behavior.
- Findings reveal that synchronization patterns depend on a combination of properties at different levels, including individual neuron characteristics, network connectivity, and long-range connections, which together affect the emergent activity patterns in the brain.
A spiking neural network for active efficient coding.
Front Robot AI
January 2025
Life- and Neurosciences, Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Biological vision systems simultaneously learn to efficiently encode their visual inputs and to control the movements of their eyes based on the visual input they sample. This autonomous joint learning of visual representations and actions has previously been modeled in the Active Efficient Coding (AEC) framework and implemented using traditional frame-based cameras. However, modern event-based cameras are inspired by the retina and offer advantages in terms of acquisition rate, dynamic range, and power consumption.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSARS-CoV-2 evolution on a dynamic immune landscape.
Nature
January 2025
Department of Mathematics & Computer Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Since the onset of the pandemic, many SARS-CoV-2 variants have emerged, exhibiting substantial evolution in the virus' spike protein, the main target of neutralizing antibodies. A plausible hypothesis proposes that the virus evolves to evade antibody-mediated neutralization (vaccine- or infection-induced) to maximize its ability to infect an immunologically experienced population. Because viral infection induces neutralizing antibodies, viral evolution may thus navigate on a dynamic immune landscape that is shaped by local infection history.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDownmodulation of potassium conductances induces epileptic seizures in cortical network models via multiple synergistic factors.
J Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence RI, USA.
Voltage-gated potassium conductances [Formula: see text] play a critical role not only in normal neural function, but also in many neurological disorders and related therapeutic interventions. In particular, in an important animal model of epileptic seizures, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) administration is thought to induce seizures by reducing [Formula: see text] in cortex and other brain areas. Interestingly, 4-AP has also been useful in the treatment of neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and spinal cord injury, where it is thought to improve action potential propagation in axonal fibers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFK1 channels enable myelinated axons to transmit spikes reliably without spiking ectopically.
J Neurosci
January 2025
Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Action potentials (spikes) are regenerated at each node of Ranvier during saltatory transmission along a myelinated axon. The high density of voltage-gated sodium channels required by nodes to reliably transmit spikes increases the risk of ectopic spike generation in the axon. Here we show that ectopic spiking is avoided because K1 channels prevent nodes from responding to slow depolarization; instead, axons respond selectively to rapid depolarization because K1 channels implement a high-pass filter.
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