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Tryptophan Kynurenine Pathway-Based Imaging Agents for Brain Disorders and Oncology-From Bench to Bedside.
Biomolecules
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Nemours Children's Health, Delaware, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
Tryptophan (Trp)-based radiotracers have excellent potential for imaging many different types of brain pathology because of their involvement with both the serotonergic and kynurenine (KYN) pathways. However, radiotracers specific to the kynurenine metabolism pathway are limited. In addition, historically Trp-based radiopharmaceuticals were synthesized with the short-lived isotope carbon-11.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn evidence-based update on the diagnosis and management of irritable bowel syndrome.
Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol
January 2025
Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.
Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder of gut-brain interaction affecting 5% of the population. The cardinal symptoms are abdominal pain and altered stool form or frequency.
Areas Covered: Diagnosis and management of IBS.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: The Association Between Newer Generation Antidepressants and Insomnia in Children and Adolescents With Major Depressive Disorder.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
January 2025
University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Objective: To examine the association between newer generation antidepressants and insomnia as an adverse event (AE) in the treatment of children and adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD).
Method: A systematic search was performed in major databases (inception to August 31, 2023) to retrieve double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the safety of 19 antidepressants in the acute treatment (initial 6 to 12 weeks) of children and adolescents aged ≤ 18 years with MDD (primary analyses). RCTs in anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) were retrieved from a recent meta-analysis and included in complementary analyses.
Antidepressants and Weight Gain: An Update on the Evidence and Clinical Implications.
Curr Obes Rep
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Purpose Of Review: To highlight recent research on antidepressant use and weight change and explore best clinical practices for reducing weight gain and obesity risk in individuals with depression.
Recent Findings: Research on antidepressant use and weight gain suggests that genetic and biological factors including metabolizer phenotypes and inflammation can help to predict an individual's threshold for weight change among specific agents. For individuals with increased susceptibility to metabolic complications, medications including bupropion, fluoxetine, and newer agents (e.
Vilazodone exposure during pregnancy: Effects on embryo-fetal development, pregnancy outcomes and fetal neurotoxicity by BDNF/Bax-Bcl2/5-HT mediated mechanisms.
Neurotoxicology
December 2024
Neurobiology Lab., Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP 211002, India. Electronic address:
The high prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) among women of childbearing age necessitates careful consideration of antidepressant use during pregnancy. Although newer antidepressants, such as Vilazodone (VLZ), are preferred for their enhanced therapeutic profiles; however, their safety during pregnancy and long-term effects on offspring brains remain inadequately addressed. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the reproductive and developmental neurotoxicity of VLZ given at equivalent therapeutic doses during gestation in a rat model.
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