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Overestimation of blood pressure (BP) resulting from medial artery calcification (MAC) is a cause of pseudoresistant hypertension. In this condition, there is no noninvasive way to reliably assess the BP. We report the case of a 62-year-old man who had a four-limb MAC, hypertension despite five antihypertensive molecules, and significant orthostatic hypotension following the addition of the fifth drug.

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[Spurious hypertension in an athletic young man].

Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd

July 2024

Amsterdam UMC, afd. Interne Geneeskunde, Amsterdam.

Isolated systolic hypertension is typical for the elderly, but also occurs in younger adults. Increased pulse wave amplification between the elastic aorta and arteries to the arm can result in a higher peripheral (brachial) blood pressure, while central (aortic) systolic blood pressure is normal. A 21-year-old athletic man was referred because of an arterial blood pressure of 160/85 mmHg.

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There is a high prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension in the elderly; 70% of adults >65 years have this disease. A key mechanism in the development of hypertension in the elderly is increased arterial stiffness. This accounts for the increase in systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure and fall in diastolic blood pressure (isolated systolic hypertension) that are commonly seen in the elderly, compared with younger persons.

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The correlation between cuff inflatable hypertension and the difference in interarm diastolic pressure induced by single arm ischemia is investigated. A total of 126 patients undergoing coronary angiography in our hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 are selected and divided into the non-pseudohypertension (non-PHT) group (64 cases) and the PHT group (62 cases) according to the difference between systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure measured directly and indirectly. The patients are subjected to the beam arm ischemia test and blood pressure measurement.

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