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Age Matters: Early-Onset Rectal Cancer Exhibits Higher Rates of Pathological Complete Response: A Retrospective Analysis of the Influence of Young Age on Treatment Success in Stage II-III Rectal Cancer.
Ann Surg Oncol
January 2025
Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Background: The incidence of rectal cancer has decreased overall, but the incidence of early-onset rectal cancer (eoRC) has increased. Early-onset rectal cancer and late-onset rectal cancer (loRC) differ due to phenotypical, genetic characteristics, and higher stage presentations in eoRC. Thus, eoRC patients undergo more aggressive neoadjuvant treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMutational and co-mutational landscape of early onset colorectal cancer.
Biomarkers
January 2025
Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality before 50 have been rising alarmingly in the recent decades.
Methods: Using a cohort of 10,000 patients, this study investigates the clinical, mutational, and co-mutational features of CRC in early-onset (EOCRC, < 50 years) compared to late-onset (LOCRC, ≥ 50 years).
Results: EOCRC was associated with a higher prevalence of Asian and Hispanic patients, rectal or left-sided tumors (72% vs.
Prognosis of early-onset versus late-onset sporadic colorectal cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Eur J Cancer
January 2025
Digestive Surgery, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti, 435, Milan 20141, Italy. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- There has been a concerning rise in early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) cases, prompting research into how prognosis compares to late-onset colorectal cancer (LO-CRC).
- A systematic review of 26 studies found that EO-CRC patients are more likely to be diagnosed at advanced stages, yet they have better overall survival rates compared to LO-CRC patients, while other survival metrics like cancer-specific survival remain similar.
- The study highlights the need for better early detection methods for EO-CRC due to the differences in stage at diagnosis between the two groups.
Prenatal antibiotics reduce breast milk IgA and induce dysbiosis in mouse offspring, increasing neonatal susceptibility to bacterial sepsis.
Cell Host Microbe
December 2024
IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan 20089, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, Pieve Emanuele, Milan 20072, Italy. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- ! Antibiotics are given to 20%-30% of pregnant women, yet their impact on newborn immune development is not well understood, leading to increased susceptibility to sepsis in offspring of treated mothers.
- ! Newborn mice from antibiotic-treated mothers showed lower levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in breast milk and feces, leading to a weakened gut immune response and increased risks of gut bacteria entering the bloodstream.
- ! Restoring IgA production through treatments or using breast milk from untreated mothers improved immune profiles and offered protection against sepsis in pups, emphasizing the importance of breastfeeding in mitigating antibiotic effects.
Nivolumab-Induced Immune Mediated Colitis Localized to the Distal Colon: Seven Years Into Therapy.
Cureus
October 2024
Pathology, Heartland Pathology Laboratories, Wichita, USA.
Nivolumab targets programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and is used in cancer treatment by increasing the immune response. It has rarely been associated with immune-mediated colitis (IMC). We present a 66-year-old man with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma, treated with nivolumab for seven years, who developed tenesmus and mucoid bloody diarrhea.
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