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Fungal Infections in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.
Microorganisms
January 2025
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Padua University Hospital, 35128 Padua, Italy.
Background: Despite kidney transplantation being a life-saving procedure, patients experience a high risk of developing fungal infections (FIs), with an increased risk of both morbidity and mortality, especially during the first year after transplant.
Methods: We herein conducted a narrative review of the most common FIs in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), with a focus on prevalence, risk factors, mortality, and prevention strategies.
Results: The most common fungal pathogens in KTRs include species (up to 70% of the overall FIs), species, , and species.
Preoperative Anemia as a Prognostic Risk Factor for Inferior Oncological Survival Following Resection for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.
Pancreas
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
Objectives: A significant proportion of patients undergoing surgery for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are anemic at the time of resection. In these patients, blood transfusions are omitted due to their potential negative impact on oncological outcomes. The aim of the present study was to determine the prognostic value of preoperative anemia in resected PDAC patients, irrespective of blood transfusion status.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCerebrovascular Accidents After Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in Patients with Hepatopulmonary Syndrome: A Case Series.
Clin Pract
December 2024
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), defined by the presence of pulmonary vascular dilatations that cause right-to-left transpulmonary shunting of venous blood with a consequential increase in the alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, is a relatively frequent complication of chronic liver disease. While orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is indicated and often curative in HPS patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD), little is known about the peri- and post-operative-period risks of CVA in OLT recipients with HPS. : We report a case series of five non-consecutive OLT recipients with HPS who developed ischemic and/or hemorrhagic CVAs during or shortly after OLT, raising concern that the risks of neurological complications remain increased even after OLT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFESAT-6 protein suppresses allograft rejection by inducing CD4Foxp3 regulatory T cells through IκBα/cRel pathway.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Section of Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Background: Maintenance immunosuppression is required for suppression of alloimmunity or allograft rejection. However, continuous use of immunosuppressants may lead to various side effects, necessitating the use of alternative immunosuppressive drugs. The early secreted antigenic target of 6 kDa (ESAT-6) is a virulence factor and immunoregulatory protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which alters host immunity through dually regulating development or activation of various immune cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdjuvant Chemotherapy After Resection of Localized Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Following Preoperative FOLFIRINOX.
JAMA Oncol
January 2025
Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Importance: The effect of adjuvant chemotherapy following resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma after preoperative (m)FOLFIRINOX (combination leucovorin calcium [folinic acid], fluorouracil, irinotecan hydrochloride, and oxaliplatin in full or modified dosing) chemotherapy on overall survival (OS) is unclear because current studies do not account for the number of cycles of preoperative chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy regimen.
Objective: To investigate the association of adjuvant chemotherapy following resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma after preoperative (m)FOLFIRINOX with OS, taking into account the number of cycles of preoperative chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy regimen.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study included patients with localized pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with 2 to 11 cycles of preoperative (m)FOLFIRINOX followed by resection across 48 centers in 20 countries from 2010 to 2018.
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