A method for quantitative determination of 90Sr with a germanium gamma-ray spectrometer is presented. The bremsstrahlung energy spectrum produced by high-energy beta particles from the 90Sr source encapsulated in a given absorbing material is measured. The idea was tested on various types of low-background germanium gamma-ray spectrometers. The optimisation of absorber thickness for aluminium, iron, copper, cadmium, tantalum and lead is presented. The lowest achieved detection limit for a 10% efficiency HPGe detector was 0.38 Bq/sample which allows this method to be applied to some environmental studies.
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Sci Rep
January 2025
REQUIMTE, NOVA School of Science and Technology, University New of Lisbon, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal.
The presented work is dedicated to the detection of hydrogen, using detectors based on a MAPD (Micropixel Avalanche Photodiode) array based on new MAPD-3NM-2 type photodiodes and two different scintillators (LaBr(Ce) and LSO(Ce)). The physical parameters of the MAPD photodiode used in the study and the intrinsic background of the scintillators were investigated. For the 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
December 2024
Institute of Safety Engineering, Fire University, 52/54 Słowackiego St., 01-629 Warsaw, Poland.
The concentration of natural radionuclides Ra, Th and K in ceramic tiles manufactured in Poland is presented in this paper. The concentration of natural radioactive isotopes in the tested samples was determined using a low-level digital gamma ray spectrometer equipped with an HPGe semiconductor detector. The mean concentrations of Ra, Th and K in the analyzed samples were found to be 48 ± 3 Bq∙kg, 49 ± 3 Bq∙kg and 476 ± 23 Bq∙kg, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTalanta
January 2025
National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Chiba, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan.
Natural uranium isotopes have extremely long half-lives; therefore, analytical methods based on the number of atoms, such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, are suitable for uranium detection. However, XRF measurements cannot be used to detect the major isotopes of americium when present in amounts barely detectable using radiation measurements, owing to their relatively short half-lives. Because of α-decay-induced internal conversion, where orbital electrons are emitted instead of γ-rays, these nuclides emit characteristic X-rays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Monit Assess
January 2025
Department of Physics, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Badshahi Thaul Campus, Tehri Garhwal, 249199, India.
Ionizing radiation emitted from radionuclides is present everywhere in the environment. It is the main source of health hazards to the general public. The present study elaborates on the analysis of primordial radionuclides in the collected soil samples from the Main Central Thrust (MCT) region of Uttarakhand Himalaya in a grid pattern.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
High intrinsic detection efficiency is as decisive as high energy resolution. Scaling up detector volume has presented great challenges, preventing perovskite semiconductors from reaching sufficient detection efficiency. We report a hole-only virtual-Frisch-grid CsPbBr detector up to 2.
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