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pneumonia co-infection with cytomegalovirus pneumonia in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: A case report and literature review.
Int J STD AIDS
January 2025
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia is an uncommon presentation of CMV among patients with HIV/AIDS, particularly in co-infection with pneumonia (PCP). A case was reported with a literature review, and a comprehensive literature search was performed using the PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus databases. We report a 52-year-old male with AIDS presenting with progressively worsening dyspnea over 1 week.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetagenomic analysis identifying a polymicrobial pulmonary infection in a non-HIV immunocompromised patient: a case report.
BMC Pulm Med
January 2025
Central Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Liaocheng School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China.
Background: Polymicrobial pulmonary infections, common in immunocompromised patients, often manifest more severe symptoms than monomicrobial infections. Clinical diagnosis delays may lead to mortality, emphasizing the importance of fast and accurate diagnosis for these patients. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), as an unbiased method capable of detecting all microbes, is a valuable tool to identify pathogens, particularly in cases where infections are difficult to diagnosis using conventional methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling and Determination of Cause of Death to Establish Etiologies of Community Respiratory Deaths Among Zambian Infants and Children.
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc
January 2025
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA.
In low-to-middle-income countries, acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) remains the leading infectious cause of death among infants and children under 5 years old. Case-control studies based on upper respiratory sampling have informed current understandings of ALRI etiologies; in contrast, minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) offers a method of directly interrogating lower respiratory tract pathogens to establish etiologic distributions. This study performed in the postmortem setting used MITS and a Determination of Cause of Death (DeCoDe) panel to elucidate the causes of fatal pneumonia in the community in Lusaka, Zambia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe importance of Fcγ and C-type lectin receptors in host immune responses during pneumonia.
Infect Immun
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
pneumonia (PJP) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality during AIDS. In AIDS, the absence of CD4 immunity results in exuberant and often fatal PJP. In addition, organism clearance requires a balanced macrophage response since excessive inflammation promotes lung injury and respiratory failure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia increases the 3-months mortality of anti-MDA5-antibody-positive dermatomyositis patients.
Front Immunol
December 2024
Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Background: Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis (anti-MDA5+DM) patients are associated with considerable mortality, and opportunistic infections including Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP)is the main cause. This study was to identify clinical characteristics, risk factors, and prognostic factors of PJP diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in anti-MDA5+ DM patients.
Methods: In this retrospective observational study, all patients admitted with suspected pneumonia were detected for mNGS in BALF.
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