When human lymphocytes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were incubated together and then observed under the scanning electron microscope, four distinct morphologic observations were made: (1) filopods extending between lymphocytes and bacteria; (2) globular structures bulging out in many of the filopods; (3) filopods connecting lymphocytes to each other in the presence of bacteria; and (4) bacteria adhering to the lymphocytes in areas where decreased numbers of microvilli were present.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/139.1.18 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda.
Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) restores cellular immunity, significantly reducing AIDS-related mortality and morbidity thus improving the quality of life among People living with HIV (PLHIV). Studies done in several countries show a decline in AIDS defining cancers (ADCs) with the introduction of ART however the increased longevity has led to the increase of Non-AIDS defining cancers (NADCs). The study was aimed at studying the changing spectrum and trends of cancer among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients in southwestern Uganda.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gastrointest Cancer
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toho University Medical Center Omori Hospital, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 142-8541, Japan.
Purpose: Basophils play a crucial role in immunoglobulin E-mediated allergic reactions and parasitic infections. Recently, a low basophil count was reported to be a poor prognostic indicator in patients with malignant tumors. This study aimed to investigate the cut-off value to evaluate the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of the basophil count in patients with gastric cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Virol
February 2025
Infectious Diseases Department, University Hospital Montpellier & INSERM U1175, University Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Despite viral suppression with antiretroviral therapy, immune nonresponders (INR) among people living with HIV (PLWH) still have a higher risk of developing AIDS-related and non-AIDS-related complications. Our study aimed to investigate the phenotype and functions of Natural Killer (NK) cells in INR, to better understand underlying mechanisms of immune nonresponse. Our cross-sectional study included PLWH aged over 45 with an undetectable HIV viral load sustained for at least 2 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLiver Int
February 2025
APHP, Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Inserm, Unité 1193, Université Paris-Saclay, FHU Hepatinov, Villejuif, France.
Over the past decade, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the treatment of cancer, though they come with the risk of immune-related adverse (irAEs) events such as hepatotoxicity or Immune-mediated Liver Injury from Checkpoint Inhibitors (ILICI). ILICI is a serious irAE that, when severe, requires cessation of ICI and initiation of immunosuppression. Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTLs) play a central role in ILICI; however, they are just part of the picture as immunotherapy broadly impacts all aspects of the immune microenvironment and can directly and indirectly activate innate and adaptive immune cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Virol
January 2025
MRC Translational Immune Discovery Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Unlabelled: Current influenza vaccination approaches protect against specific viral strains, but do not consistently induce broad and long-lasting protection to the diversity of circulating influenza viruses. Single-cycle viruses delivered to the respiratory tract may offer a promising solution as they safely express a diverse array of viral antigens by undergoing just one round of cell infection in their host and stimulate broadly protective resident memory T-cell responses in the lung. We have previously developed a vaccine candidate called S-FLU, which is limited to a single cycle of infection by inactivation of the hemagglutinin signal sequence and induces a broadly cross-reactive T-cell response and antibodies to neuraminidase, but fails to induce neutralizing antibodies to hemagglutinin after intranasal administration.
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