Only nine non-polymorphic constitutional pericentric inversions of chromosome 9 have been described. We report on a familial inv(9)(p24q13) associated with sterility in three brothers. The mother's chromosomes were normal in blood lymphocytes (n=130); the father was already deceased and his karyotype unknown. However, the presence of any of the maternal chromosomes 9 (as assessed by C-banding) in her carrier children is inconsistent with the assumption of maternal mosaicism. Two single sisters were also carriers. The same rearranged chromosome 9 in the three sterile brothers can hardly be regarded as a fortuitous association, especially when the breakpoints are almost identical to those of the sole inversion previously found in an azoospermic male. If their father was a carrier, the observed sterility may be the result of 'chromosome anticipation', a phenomenon already invoked for certain familial chromosomal rearrangements.
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