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The Effect of Ear Covering on Sound Localization and Speech Intelligibility in Operating Room.
Laryngoscope
December 2024
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, U.S.A.
Objective: To determine the effect of the surgical bouffant cap on hearing, sound localization, and speech intelligibility in the operating room (OR).
Background: Covering of the ear during surgical procedures has been promoted to prevent surgical site infection (SSI) from ear pathogens. However, the potential impact of ear covering on hearing in the OR has not been studied.
Beyond electronic health record data: leveraging natural language processing and machine learning to uncover cognitive insights from patient-nurse verbal communications.
J Am Med Inform Assoc
December 2024
Center for Home Care Policy & Research, VNS Health, New York, NY 10017, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Mild cognitive impairment and early-stage dementia are often underdiagnosed, leading to increased healthcare costs; this study aims to address this gap by using patient-nurse conversations recorded in home healthcare settings to develop an AI tool for early detection of cognitive decline.
- The research involved analyzing audio from conversations of 47 patients, identifying key linguistic features related to cognitive decline, and comparing the effectiveness of a speech processing algorithm to traditional electronic health record data.
- Results showed that the combined approach of using verbal communication and EHR data significantly outperformed either method alone, highlighting that certain speech patterns can predict cognitive decline, thus potentially improving patient care and reducing emergency healthcare visits.
Decoding disparities: evaluating automatic speech recognition system performance in transcribing Black and White patient verbal communication with nurses in home healthcare.
JAMIA Open
December 2024
Center for Home Care Policy & Research, VNS Health, New York, NY 10017, United States.
Objectives: As artificial intelligence evolves, integrating speech processing into home healthcare (HHC) workflows is increasingly feasible. Audio-recorded communications enhance risk identification models, with automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems as a key component. This study evaluates the transcription accuracy and equity of 4 ASR systems-Amazon Web Services (AWS) General, AWS Medical, Whisper, and Wave2Vec-in transcribing patient-nurse communication in US HHC, focusing on their ability in accurate transcription of speech from Black and White English-speaking patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHNF4α-CDKL3 axis restricts MASLD progression by targeting FoxO1 via noncanonical phosphorylation.
Hepatology
November 2024
College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.
Background And Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a worldwide disease with a broad spectrum of symptoms. Though mild in early stages, further development of MASLD causes steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, liver cancers, and accompanied diabetes. Discovery of the critical regulators in MASLD progression hold great values in both basic and translational medicine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLinks Between Early Prelinguistic Communication and Later Expressive Language in Toddlers With Autistic and Non-Autistic Siblings.
J Speech Lang Hear Res
January 2025
Frist Center for Autism and Innovation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
Purpose: The present study explored the extent to which early prelinguistic communication skills predict expressive language in toddlers with autistic siblings (Sibs-autism), who are known to be at high likelihood for autism and language disorder, and a comparison group of toddlers with non-autistic older siblings (Sibs-NA).
Method: Participants were 51 toddlers (29 Sibs-autism, 22 Sibs-NA) aged 12-18 months at the first time point in the study (Time 1). Toddlers were seen again 9 months later (Time 2).
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