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BK Polyomavirus Infection in Kidney Transplantation: A Comprehensive Review of Current Challenges and Future Directions.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Kidney Transplant Department, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France.
BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) infection of the kidney graft remains a major clinical issue in the field of organ transplantation. Risk factors for BKPyV-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) and molecular tools for determining viral DNA loads are now better defined. BKPyV DNAemia in plasma, in particular, plays a central role in diagnosing active infection and managing treatment decisions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent advances in discovery and functional analysis of the small proteins and microRNA expressed by polyomaviruses.
Virology
January 2025
Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Inflammation Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, 3500 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- * Some polyomaviruses can cause serious diseases such as polyomavirus-associated nephropathy, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, trichodysplasia spinulosa, and Merkel cell carcinoma.
- * Recent research focuses on the functions of viral proteins and microRNA that these viruses express, shedding light on their role in viral biology, how they transform cells, and their potential impact on disease progression.
Serum and urine nucleic acid screening tests for BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy in kidney and kidney-pancreas transplant recipients.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
November 2024
Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Background: BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) occurs when BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) affects a transplanted kidney, leading to an initial injury characterised by cytopathic damage, inflammation, and fibrosis. BKPyVAN may cause permanent loss of graft function and premature graft loss. Early detection gives clinicians an opportunity to intervene by timely reduction in immunosuppression to reduce adverse graft outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNovel polyomavirus in the endangered garden dormouse Eliomys quercinus.
Virol J
November 2024
Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius, LT-10257, Lithuania.
Background: The garden dormouse (Eliomys quercinus) has experienced a significant population decline across Europe in recent decades. While habitat loss and climate change are often cited as primary factors, pathogen exposure, either to novel or to previously known, may play a role in such a decline. This study aimed to investigate the presence of polyomaviruses in garden dormice, given that these viruses are highly prevalent and can cause disease, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBK Polyomavirus DNAemia With a High DNA Load Is Associated With De Novo Donor-Specific HLA Antibodies in Kidney Transplant Recipients.
J Med Virol
November 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) is a significant complication after kidney transplantation, usually managed by reducing immunosuppression when BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) is detected.
- A study involving 1,076 kidney transplant recipients found a higher risk of developing de novo donor-specific antibodies (dnDSA) in patients with high BKPyV DNA loads compared to those without, suggesting that the required immunosuppression reduction can worsen immune responses.
- While high BKPyV DNAemia increased dnDSA risk, there was no significant difference in the occurrence of biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR) between groups, indicating a need for better strategies to manage BKPyV infections in transplant patients.
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