[A new type of electrochemical immunosensor based on ion-selective field effect transistors].

A new type of an electrochemical sensor based on the use of ion-selective field effect transistors (ISFETs) and conjugates of horse radish peroxidase with specific monoclonal antibodies was developed for the express determination of myoglobine in a solution. For this purpose a simple method of covalent immobilization of myoglobine on the surface of ISFET gate was worked out, an appropriate biochemical approach which allowed potentiometrical registration of the peroxidase activity was used, and an immune chemical analysis was accomplished in competitive way. It was shown that the sensitivity of the analysis with the help of the electrochemical immune sensor corresponds to the demands of medical practice to reveal early stages of myocardial infarction. This sensitivity was significantly higher then that which can be obtained by the traditional ELISA-method. Moreover, overall time of the analysis by the immune sensor was almost one order shorter than this by the ELISA-method. It is concluded that the proposed electrochemical immune sensor based on the ISFETs was very perspective for the express analysis of the level of different types of antigens and antibodies.