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Conformational Antibodies to Proteolipid Protein-1 and Its Peripheral Isoform DM20 in Patients With CNS Autoimmune Demyelinating Disorders.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
March 2025
Neuroimmunology Laboratory and Neuroimmunology Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
Background And Objectives: Antibodies to proteolipid protein-1 (PLP1-IgG), a major central myelin protein also expressed in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) as the isoform DM20, have been previously identified mostly in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), with unclear clinical implications. However, most studies relied on nonconformational immunoassays and included few patients with non-MS CNS autoimmune demyelinating disorders (ADDs). We aimed to investigate conformational PLP1-IgG in the whole ADD spectrum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKSHV hijacks the antiviral kinase IKKε to initiate lytic replication.
PLoS Pathog
January 2025
Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
IKKε is a traditional antiviral kinase known for positively regulating the production of type I interferon (IFN) and the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) during various virus infections. However, through an inhibitor screen targeting cellular kinases, we found that IKKε plays a crucial role in the lytic replication of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Mechanistically, during KSHV lytic replication, IKKε undergoes significant SUMOylation at both Lys321 and Lys549 by the viral SUMO E3 ligase ORF45.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effects of lowering barometric pressure on pain behavior and the stress hormone in mice with neuropathic pain.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Pain Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan.
Background: Lowering barometric pressure (LP) can exacerbate neuropathic pain. However, animal studies in this field are limited to a few conditions. Furthermore, although sympathetic involvement has been reported as a possible mechanism, whether the sympathetic nervous system is involved in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAt what cycle threshold level are dogs able to detect SARS-CoV-2 in humans?
PLoS One
January 2025
Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México City, México.
Dogs can discriminate between people infected with SARS-CoV-2 from those uninfected, although their results vary depending on the settings in which they are exposed to infected individuals or samples of urine, sweat or saliva. This variability likely depends on the viral load of infected people, which may be closely associated with physiological changes in infected patients. Determining this viral load is challenging, and a practical approach is to use the cycle threshold (Ct) value of a RT-qPCR test.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the impact of grazing on fecal and soil microbiome dynamics in small ruminants in organic crop-livestock integration systems.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.
In integrated crop-livestock systems, livestock graze on cover crops and deposit raw manure onto fields to improve soil health and fertility. However, enteric pathogens shed by grazing animals may be associated with foodborne pathogen contamination of produce influenced by fecal-soil microbial interactions. We analyzed 300 fecal samples (148 from sheep and 152 from goats) and 415 soil samples (272 from California and 143 from Minnesota) to investigate the effects of grazing and the presence of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) or generic E.
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