The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoproteins mediate virus entry into target cells by binding receptors of the cell membrane and fusing viral and cellular structures. In particular, recent crystallographic studies have clarified the complex role of the glycoprotein gp120 in the early phase of the infection. In this context the inter- and intra-host variability of the HIV-1 gp120 poses a major problem for the development of effective methods of immunization against this virus. In the present report, the relevant aspects emerging from the study of HIV-1 variability are addressed and several methodological approaches to evaluate HIV-1 diversity discussed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Death and survival of gut CD4 T cells following HIV-1 infection ex vivo.
PNAS Nexus
November 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12700 E 19th Ave, Mail Stop B168, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
The gastrointestinal tract is ground zero for the massive and sustained CD4 T cell depletion during acute HIV-1 infection. To date, the molecular mechanisms governing this fundamental pathogenic process remain unclear. HIV-1 infection in the gastrointestinal tract is associated with chronic inflammation due to a disrupted epithelial barrier that results in microbial translocation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLimited restoration of T cell subset distribution and immune function in older people living with HIV-1 receiving HAART.
Immun Ageing
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.
Background: Older people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) experience a dual burden from the combined effects of aging and HIV-1 infection, resulting in significant immune dysfunction. Despite receiving HAART, immune reconstitution is not fully optimized. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of aging and HAART on T cell subsets and function in PLWH across different age groups, thereby providing novel insights into the prognosis of older PLWH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCCR5-ligand decorated rilpivirine lipid-based nanoparticles for sustained antiretroviral responses.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) improves the quality of life for those living with the human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV-1). However, poor compliance reduces ART effectiveness and leads to immune compromise, viral mutations, and disease co-morbidities. Here we develop a drug formulation in which a lipid-based nanoparticle (LBNP) carrying rilpivirine (RPV) is decorated with the C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) targeting peptide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffectiveness of bi-monthly long-acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine as maintenance treatment for HIV-1 in the Netherlands: results from the Dutch ATHENA national observational cohort.
Lancet HIV
January 2025
Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Background: Real-world data showing the long-term effectiveness of long-acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine are scarce. We assessed the effectiveness of cabotegravir and rilpivirine in all individuals who switched to cabotegravir and rilpivirine in the Netherlands.
Methods: We used data from the ATHENA cohort, an ongoing observational nationwide HIV cohort in the Netherlands.
Confirmation of Two Novel HIV-1 CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC Recombinant Forms Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Hebei, China.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses
January 2025
Department of AIDS Research, Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, China.
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a serious infectious disease because of its' high genetic variability. Nowadays, homosexual contact has become the most predominant transmission route in Hebei province, China, leading to the emergence of novel HIV-1 recombinant forms. The neighbor-joining (N-J) phylogenetic trees were constructed using MEGA 6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!