Vaccines are now available for the prevention of hepatitis A and hepatitis B. In this article, biologics are reviewed with special attention to their use in the pediatric patient. Special attention is paid to issues that developed in 1999. For hepatitis A vaccine, it is the change in US recommendations regarding increased use in higher-risk US locations. For hepatitis B vaccine, it is the concern about toxicity, real or imagined.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70213-3 | DOI Listing |
Vaccine
January 2025
National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC, USA.
Objectives: Economic models assessing vaccinations commonly assume that inflation-adjusted vaccine costs are constant over time. This study assessed this assumption using historical vaccine cost data.
Methods: Private sector and CDC contracted vaccine cost data (2001-2023) were collected from the CDC Vaccine Price List and converted to US$2023 to adjust for inflation.
JMIR Hum Factors
December 2024
Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Ismaningerstr. 22, Munich, 81675, Germany, 49 89 4140 4041.
Background: More clinical studies use social media to increase recruitment accrual. However, empirical analyses focusing on the ethical aspects pertinent when targeting patients with vulnerable characteristics are lacking.
Objective: This study aims to explore expert and patient perspectives on vulnerability in the context of social media recruitment and seeks to explore how social media can reduce or amplify vulnerabilities.
Top Antivir Med
August 2024
New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA.
Data on the HIV care cascade demonstrated challenges in achieving Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) targets across all 18 EHE focus metropolitan areas, but innovative adherence interventions using point-of-care tenofovir testing and motivational interviewing support care cascade outcomes in Namibia and South Africa, respectively. Data on treatment with long-acting injectable (LAI) antiretroviral therapy (ART) demonstrated high acceptability, retention, and virologic suppression including in groups that were not well represented in clinical trials including persons born female and persons with detectable viral loads. The adjuvanted hepatitis B vaccine appeared to be safe and appeared to be superior to conventional hepatitis B vaccines in persons with HIV (PWH) who were prior nonresponders to the hepatitis B vaccine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
School of Mathematics, Manchester University, Manchester, United Kingdom.
The genus Neisseria includes two major human pathogens: N. meningitidis causing bacterial meningitis/septicemia and N. gonorrhoeae causing gonorrhoea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Discov
January 2025
School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
We investigated a novel cancer immunotherapy strategy that effectively suppresses tumor growth in multiple solid tumor models and significantly extends the lifespan of tumor-bearing mice by introducing pathogen antigens into tumors via mRNA-lipid nanoparticles. The pre-existing immunity against the pathogen antigen can significantly enhance the efficacy of this approach. In mice previously immunized with BNT162b2, an mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine encoding the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, intratumoral injections of the same vaccine efficiently tagged the tumor cells with mRNA-expressed spike protein.
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