The major gastrointestinal nematode parasites of ruminants all belong to the Order Strongylida and the family Trichostrongyloidea. Despite this close evolutionary relationship, distinct differences exist in the microenvironmental niches occupied by the developmental stages of the various parasites, which may account for the variable susceptibility of the different parasite species to the immune effector mechanisms generated by the host. In addition, different manifestations of resistance have been observed against the adult and larval stages of the same parasite species, and even against the same parasite stage. In particular, both rapid and delayed rejection of infective larval stages of gastrointestinal nematode parasites has been documented. This review will give an overview of the various manifestations of resistance to gastrointestinal nematode parasites of ruminants, as well as the immune mechanisms and antigens associated with the generation of immunity by the ruminant hosts to these parasites. In addition, a working model is provided aimed at reconciling most of the present knowledge on the different immune responses generated during infection with the various parasite rejection profiles. Extrapolation of these results to field conditions will need to take into account the variability imposed by seasonal changes and management practices, as well as the individual variability in immune responsiveness present in outbred animal populations.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0065-308x(00)45005-0 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
A case-control genome-wide association study of estimated breeding values for resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes in two local dairy sheep breeds.
Animal
December 2024
University of Molise, Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, Campobasso, Italy.
In sheep, gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) can cause disease, reduced feed intake, and nutritional deficiencies. To counteract GINs, anthelmintics are widely used although it is well known they may enter the environment impacting ecosystems. In addition, anthelmintics resistance has rapidly developed and consequently, alternative approaches are crucial for profitable and sustainable sheep production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbark extract reduces the impact of infection on C57BL/6 but not on BALB/c mice ().
Parasitology
January 2025
Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh, UK.
Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) may improve gastrointestinal health by exerting immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and/or antiparasitic effects. Bark extracts from coniferous tree species have previously been shown to reduce the burden of a range of parasite species in the gastrointestinal tract, with condensed tannins as the potential active compounds. In the present study, the impact of an acetone extract of pine bark () on the resistance, performance and tolerance of genetically diverse mice () was assessed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe developmental lipidome of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis.
Parasit Vectors
January 2025
Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
Background: Nippostrongylus brasiliensis-a nematode of rodents-is commonly used as a model to study the immunobiology of parasitic nematodes. It is a member of the Strongylida-a large order of socioeconomically important parasitic nematodes of animals. Lipids are known to play essential roles in nematode biology, influencing cellular membranes, energy storage and/or signalling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Anthelmintic Activity of Lam. Against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Sheep: Rosmarinic Acid Quantification and In Silico Tubulin-Binding Studies.
Pathogens
January 2025
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara 06330, Turkey.
Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) inflict significant economic losses on sheep and goat farming globally due to reduced productivity and the development of anthelmintic resistance. Sustainable control strategies are urgently needed including the exploration of medicinal plants as safer alternatives to chemical anthelmintics. This genus of plants is used for anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKnowledge, attitudes and practices of Australian dairy goat farmers towards the control of gastrointestinal parasites.
Parasit Vectors
January 2025
Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC, 3030, Australia.
Background: Gastrointestinal parasites such as nematodes and coccidia are responsible for significant economic losses in the goat industry globally. An indiscriminate use of antiparasitic drugs, primarily registered for use in sheep and cattle, in goats has resulted in drug-resistant gastrointestinal parasites. Very little is known about the gastrointestinal parasite control practices used by Australian dairy goat farmers that are pivotal for achieving sustainable control of economically important parasites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!