To date, there has been very little research into the possible effects of endodontic therapy on regeneration of a lost periodontal attachment. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of the endodontic medication, camphorated parachlorophenol (CMCP), on human periodontal ligament cells in vitro. The cytotoxic effects of CMCP were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay and cell proliferation using a [3H]thymidine incorporation assay. CMCP inhibited the human periodontal ligament cells viability and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). These data indicate that the use of CMCP in a root canal could cause periodontium damage. Although this study was conducted in vitro, the findings suggest that it may not be advisable to use CMCP as an interim medication when a periodontal surgical procedure, especially an attempt at regeneration or a new attachment procedure, is being considered in tissues adjacent to the endodontically involved tooth.
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