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Kidney Targeting Smart Antibiotic Discovery: Multimechanism Pleuromutilins for Pyelonephritis Therapy.
J Med Chem
January 2025
Xi'an Key Laboratory for Antiviral and Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria Therapeutics Research, Xi'an 710021, China.
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria pose a global health threat, underscoring the need for new antibiotics. Lefamulin, the first novel-mechanism antibiotic approved by the FDA in decades, showcases pleuromutilins' promise due to low mutation frequency. However, their clinical use is limited by poor pharmacokinetics and organ toxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuodenal-jejunal bypass ameliorates MASLD in rats by regulating gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism through FXR pathways.
Hepatol Commun
February 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Background: Although bariatric and metabolic surgical methods, including duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB), were shown to improve metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in clinical trials and experimental rodent models, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present study therefore evaluated the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of DJB in rats with MASLD.
Methods: Rats with MASLD were randomly assigned to undergo DJB or sham surgery.
Intravenous meropenem and intraperitoneal use of 10% aqueous extract of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae) in elderly rats after induction of autogenous fecal peritonitis.
Acta Cir Bras
January 2025
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical - Recife (PB) - Brazil.
Purpose: To evaluate intravenous meropenem and intraperitoneal 10% aqueous extract of Schinus terebinthifolius (aroeira) in elderly rats after autogenous fecal peritonitis.
Methods: Thirty 18-month-old Wistar rats underwent peritonitis with 4 mL/kg of autogenous fecal solution. They were stratified into groups: control without treatment; study I, treated with meropenem (40 mg/kg); and study II, treated with meropenem at the same dose and intraperitoneal 10% aqueous extract of aroeira.
Bedaquiline, pretomanid, linezolid, and moxifloxacin (BPaLM) for multidrug- or rifampin-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review.
J Bras Pneumol
January 2025
. Instituto de Doenças do Tórax - IDT - Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ - Rio de Janeiro (RJ) Brasil.
Objective: To evaluate the available evidence comparing the use of the bedaquiline, pretomanid, linezolid, and moxifloxacin (BPaLM) regimen for 6 months with that of standard-of-care regimens for patients with multidrug-resistant or rifampin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB).
Methods: This was a systematic review of clinical trials comparing the use of the BPaLM regimen with the standard of care in patients with MDR/RR-TB. The main outcome measure was an unfavorable endpoint (a composite of death, treatment failure, treatment discontinuation, loss to follow-up, and recurrence), and secondary outcome measures included adverse events and serious adverse events.
Phytochemical Profile, Acute and Subacute Toxicity of Spray-Dried Hydroethanolic Extract from Punica granatum Leaves.
Chem Biodivers
January 2025
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rua Prof Arthur de Sá, SN, 50740521, Recife, BRAZIL.
This study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the acute and subacute safety and phytochemical profile of pomegranate leaves, aligning with the growing interest in sustainable, plant-based therapeutics. The phytochemical composition, the acute and subacute toxicity of a spray-dried hydroethanolic extract from pomegranate leaves (SDE) were investigated using experimental animal models. Utilizing UV-visible spectrophotometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), a diverse array of tannins and flavonoids, totaling 38 compounds, was identified.
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