https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=10725371&retmode=xml&tool=Litmetric&email=readroberts32@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09 107253712000042420240914
0027-84249772000Mar28Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of AmericaProc Natl Acad Sci U S ACastration increases and androgens decrease nitric oxide synthase activity in the brain: physiologic implications.367236773672-7Sex differences in nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in different regions of the rat brain and effects of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) treatment in orchidectomized animals were investigated. Regional but no sex differences in NOS activity were detected in gonadectomized animals. Orchidectomy significantly increased NOS activity in the hypothalamus, "amygdala," and cerebellum but not in the cortex. In the hypothalamus, the increase in NOS activity after castration and its reversal by androgen treatment was mimicked by changes in neuronal NOS mRNA level. In contrast, androgen receptor (AR) mRNA level in the hypothalamus was slightly reduced by castration and increased by treatment with DHT. Again in the hypothalamus, the increase in NOS activity in castrated rats was accompanied by an increase in the number of neuronal NOS+ cells determined immunohistochemically, whereas androgen treatment prevented this increase. The changes in NOS+ neurons correlated with the changes in the number of AR+ cells to a degree. Overlap of AR in NOS+ cells was not present in the regions of the hypothalamus analyzed. These results indicate that testosterone or, most likely, its metabolite DHT down-regulates NOS activity, mRNA expression or stabilization, and the number of neuronal NOS+ neurons.SinghRRDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology of the Brain Research Institute, University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1740, USA.PervinSSShryneJJGorskiRRChaudhuriGGengR01 HD035991HDNICHD NIH HHSUnited StatesHD-01182HDNICHD NIH HHSUnited StatesHD-35991HDNICHD NIH HHSUnited StatesHL-46843HLNHLBI NIH HHSUnited StatesJournal ArticleResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
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