J Appl Physiol (1985)
Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
Published: March 2000
Exercise acutely stimulates muscle glucose transport and also brings about an adaptive increase in the capacity of muscle for glucose uptake by inducing increases in GLUT-4 and hexokinase.(1) Recent studies have provided evidence that activation of AMP protein kinase (AMPK) is involved in the stimulation of glucose transport by exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine whether activation of AMPK is also involved in mediating the adaptive increases in GLUT-4 and hexokinase. To this end, we examined the effect of incubating rat epitrochlearis muscles in culture medium for 18 h in the presence or absence of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR), which enters cells and is converted to the AMP analog ZMP, thus activating AMPK. Exposure of muscles to 0.5 mM AICAR in vitro for 18 h resulted in an approximately 50% increase in GLUT-4 protein and an approximately 80% increase in hexokinase. This finding provides strong evidence in support of the hypothesis that the activation of AMPK that occurs in muscle during exercise is involved in mediating the adaptive increases in GLUT-4 and hexokinase.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2000.88.3.1072 | DOI Listing |
Int J Biol Macromol
November 2024
College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, Jilin 132022, China. Electronic address:
This study aimed to optimize the extraction process of polysaccharides from Rosa laevigata Michx. (RLMP) using an ultrasound-microwave-assisted method and investigate its in vitro hypoglycemic activity. Key factors affecting RLMP yield were identified using a Plackett-Burman design, followed by a Box-Behnken design and response-surface methodology, to determine the optimal extraction conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Physiol Nutr Metab
May 2023
Department of Sports Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.
Although sex-associated differences in energy metabolism in adults are well-characterized, developmental sex-specific changes in skeletal muscle metabolism are largely unknown. This study investigated sex differences in high-energy phosphate, glycolytic, and mitochondrial enzyme activities and metabolite transporter protein levels in mouse skeletal muscles during the early postnatal period (day 10), post-weaning (day 28), sexual maturity (day 56), and adult life (day 140). No significant sex-specific differences were observed on days 10 and 28, except for glucose transporter (GLUT) 4 level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Physiol
December 2022
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Type 2 diabetes, obesity (referred to as "diabesity"), and metabolic syndrome associated with increased insulin resistance and/or decreased insulin sensitivity have been implicated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and alterations in energy metabolism. The precise molecular mechanisms of these complications, however, remain to be clarified. Owing to the limitations and off-target side effects of antidiabetic drugs, exercise-induced control of hyperglycemia and increased insulin sensitivity is a preferred strategy to manage "diabesity" associated complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Food Biochem
October 2022
Centre for Quality of Health and Living (CQHL), Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Natural supplements are important in diabetes and oxidative stress management. A complexation-mediated antihyperglycemic and antioxidant synergism between zinc(II) and p-coumaric acid was investigated. p-Coumaric acid was complexed with ZnSO and characterized by FT-IR, H NMR, and mass spectroscopy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biol Rep
September 2022
Institute of Drug Research and Development, SE Bogoro Center, Afe Babalola University, PMB 5454, Ado-Ekiti, 360001, Nigeria.
Background: This study assessed the hepatoprotective potential of flavonoid-rich extracts from Gongronema latifolium Benth on diabetes-induced type 2 rats via Fetuin-A and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TnF-α).
Methods: In a standard procedure, the flavonoid-rich extract was prepared. For experimental rats, streptozotocin was injected intraperitoneally (45 mg/kg body weight) to induce diabetes mellitus.
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