The epidemic situation in the context of many infectious diseases caused by bacteria is presently assessed as being poor in Russia and other countries. The spectrum of the pathogens that can deteriorate epidemic well-being is highly wide. The epidemic situation in terms of many infectious diseases, including those caused by such causative agents as Bacillus anthracis, Vibrio cholerae, Yersinia pestis, Francisella tularensis and others may deteriorate due to the emergence of their modified forms owing to their specific variability. The above generates the necessity of improving controlling measures or developing the techniques for monitoring the pathogens of infectious diseases, including those in the framework of international cooperation.
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JAMA Intern Med
January 2025
Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
Importance: Doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis (doxyPEP) has been shown to decrease the incidence of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among people assigned male sex at birth in clinical trials, but data from clinical practice are limited.
Objective: To describe early uptake of doxyPEP and evaluate changes in STI incidence following doxyPEP initiation.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study of adults (aged ≥18 years) dispensed HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) at Kaiser Permanente Northern California during November 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023, examined electronic health record data to compare HIV PrEP users dispensed and not dispensed doxyPEP and rates of bacterial STIs before and after starting doxyPEP.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
Importance: It remains unknown whether outcomes of the Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves 3 (PARTNER 3) and Evolut Low Risk trials are comparable with surgical outcomes in nontrial settings, considering the added risk of concomitant cardiac operations.
Objective: To compare 30-day mortality and stroke incidences of patients in the surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) arm of low-risk trials with those of similar patients in the US Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database (STS ACSD).
Design, Setting, And Participants: A cross-sectional sampling study was conducted of adults in the STS ACSD with severe aortic stenosis at low surgical risk for AVR who underwent SAVR during the years low-risk AVR trials (PARTNER 3 and Evolut Low Risk) were enrolling (calendar years 2016-2018).
JAMA
January 2025
4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis
January 2025
Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Programs Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Canada.
Lyme disease (LD) surveillance yields useful information to monitor the disease trends and spatial distribution. However, due to several factors, the Manitoba Health surveillance system, as with other systems, could be subject to underreporting. To estimate the number and incidence of clinician-diagnosed LD over the study period in Manitoba, describe the epidemiology of clinician-diagnosed LD, and compare the findings with Manitoba Health LD surveillance data during the same period to estimate the extent of underreporting.
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