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Essentializing Happiness Mitigates the Changes in Subjective Well-Being Following Negative Life Events.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull
October 2024
Seoul National University, Republic of Korea.
People hold different beliefs about the changeability of happiness. Some believe that happiness is biologically predetermined and thus unchangeable (essentialist beliefs), while others believe that it is malleable and can be changed (non-essentialist beliefs). Do these beliefs have a tangible impact on how individuals actually experience well-being? Here, we predict and empirically demonstrate that endorsing essentialist beliefs about happiness (EBH) can result in a self-fulfilling prophecy that buffers the changes in subjective well-being (SWB) following life events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCan names shape facial appearance?
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
July 2024
Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190501, Israel.
Our given name is a social tag associated with us early in life. This study investigates the possibility of a self-fulfilling prophecy effect wherein individuals' facial appearance develops over time to resemble the social stereotypes associated with given names. Leveraging the face-name matching effect, which demonstrates an ability to match adults' names to their faces, we hypothesized that individuals would resemble their social stereotype (name) in adulthood but not in childhood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Self-Fulfilling Process of Clinical Race Correction: The Case of Eighth Joint National Committee Recommendations.
Health Equity
November 2023
Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
There is growing attention to how unfounded beliefs about biological differences between racial groups affect biomedical research and health care, in part, through race adjustment in clinical tools. We develop a case study of the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8)'s 2014 Evidence-Based Guideline for the Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults, which recommends a distinct initial hypertension treatment for Black versus nonblack patients. We analyze the historical context, study design, and racialized findings of the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) that informed development of the guideline.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF'We Have Guidelines, but We Can Also Be Artists': Neurologists Discuss Prognostic Uncertainty, Cognitive Biases, and Scoring Tools.
Brain Sci
November 2022
Palliative and Supportive Care Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Introduction: Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. As acute stroke patients often lose decision-making capacity, acute management is fraught with complicated decisions regarding life-sustaining treatment (LST). We aimed to explore (1) the perspectives and experiences of clinicians regarding the use of predictive scores for LST decision making in severe acute stroke, and (2) clinicians' awareness of their own cognitive biases in this context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFManagement of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: an update for the intensivist.
Intensive Care Med
June 2022
School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains one of the most fatal and debilitating conditions in the world. Current clinical management in severe TBI patients is mainly concerned with reducing secondary insults and optimizing the balance between substrate delivery and consumption. Over the past decades, multimodality monitoring has become more widely available, and clinical management protocols have been published that recommend potential interventions to correct pathophysiological derangements.
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