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S-nitrosylation-triggered secretion of mycobacterial PknG leads to phosphorylation of SODD to prevent apoptosis of infected macrophages.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
March 2025
Molecular Immunology and Cellular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India.
The tuberculosis-causing agent (M.tb) establishes its niche inside macrophages by secretion of several virulence factors and engaging many host factors. Mycobacterial infection of macrophages results in a proinflammatory trigger-mediated secretion of TNFα.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscriptome immune-regulatory differences between leprosy patients and type 1 reaction patients, before onset of symptoms.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Leprosy is a chronic disease of the skin and peripheral nerves caused by Mycobacterium leprae. A major public health and clinical problem are leprosy reactions, which are inflammatory episodes that often contribute to nerve damage and disability. Type I reversal reactions (T1R) can occur after microbiological cure of leprosy and affect up to 50% of leprosy patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFassessment of for growth inhibition, apoptosis induction, and cytokine modulation against .
Heliyon
October 2024
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- Leishmaniasis is caused by protozoan parasites from the genus Leishmania, and this study investigates the anti-leishmanial effects of a plant extract (Rech.f) on these parasites.
- The plant material was collected in Iran and extracted with various solvents for testing on different forms of Leishmania and macrophage cells, using assays to measure cell viability and apoptosis.
- Results showed significant anti-leishmanial effects of the methanolic fraction over time, with treated cells exhibiting morphological changes and reduced parasite numbers, suggesting the plant extract has promising therapeutic potential.
Review of research progress on different modalities of Macrophage death in Mycobacterium leprae infection.
Int Immunopharmacol
December 2024
Department of Mycobacterium, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology & Hospital for Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae, mainly affecting the skin and nerves, with macrophages being the key host cells involved in its progression.
- The review discusses different types of macrophage cell death caused by M. leprae, including apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necrosis, and their effects on the immune response.
- It highlights that apoptosis and autophagy may help control M. leprae growth, while necroptosis and pyroptosis enhance inflammation, and new findings show that ferroptosis helps infected macrophages escape immune detection by polarizing towards a less aggressive M2 state.
Reactive oxygen species-inducing itraconazole and its anti-biofilm activity against resistant Candida parapsilosis sensu lato biofilm cells isolated from patients with recalcitrant onychomycosis.
Arch Dermatol Res
September 2024
Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- Candida parapsilosis is a major fungus contributing to nail infections, known for forming biofilms that resist standard antifungal treatments.
- This research focused on evaluating the effectiveness of the antifungal drug itraconazole against biofilms of C. parapsilosis, examining its ability to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that lead to cell death.
- The findings suggest that targeting ROS can enhance the effectiveness of antifungal therapy, particularly for stubborn cases of nail fungus, highlighting the potential of itraconazole as a key treatment option.
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