1. The effects of chronic lithium administration on the relaxant responses of rat thoracic aortic rings in the presence of indomethacin (a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor) and/or NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG; a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) to acetylcholine (ACh) or sodium nitroprusside were investigated in the present study. 2. Acetylcholine produced a concentration-dependent relaxation in vessels precontracted by phenylephrine (PE), while in lithium-treated rats the maximal relaxation was significantly increased. 3. Indomethacin (20 mumol/L) significantly potentiated the ACh-induced relaxation in lithium-treated and control rats. 4. NG-Nitro-L-arginine (1 mumol/L) decreased the ACh-induced relaxation in both control and lithium-treated rats. In contrast, indomethacin (20 mumol/L) reversed the inhibitory effect of L-NOARG. 5. Sodium nitroprusside produced similar concentration-dependent relaxations of vessels from both control and lithium-treated rats, which was not affected by indomethacin. In endothelium-denuded rings, indomethacin (20 mumol/L) caused a rightward shift in the concentration-contraction curve to PE. 6. These data support evidence for a possible increase in endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by ACh during long-term administration of lithium in rat aortic rings.
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