Sperm-zona pellucida binding and penetration were assessed on the oocytes that failed to fertilize from couples with >/=3 oocytes treated by standard in-vitro fertilization (IVF). There were four groups: fertilization rate 0% (n = 369), 1-25% (n = 194), 26-50% (n = 81) and 51-95% (n = 100). Of the couples with zero fertilization rate 70% had
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CALR3 defects disrupt sperm-zona pellucida binding in humans: new insights into male factor fertilization failure and relevant clinical therapeutic approaches.
Hum Reprod
November 2024
Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Study Question: Do biallelic deleterious variants of Calreticulin 3 (CALR3) cause fertilization failure (FF), resulting in male infertility in humans?
Summary Answer: Biallelic mutations in CALR3 were identified in two infertile men from unrelated families and were shown to cause FF associated with failed sperm-zona pellucida (ZP) binding.
What Is Known Already: In male mice, the Calr3-knockout has been reported to cause male infertility and FF. However, the mechanism behind this remains unclear in humans.
knockout male mice are sterile secondary to sperm head malformations and failure to penetrate through the zona pellucida.
PNAS Nexus
March 2024
Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Each year, infertility affects 15% of couples worldwide, with 50% of cases attributed to men. It is assumed that sperm head shape is important for sperm-zona pellucida (ZP) penetration but research has yet to elucidate why. We generated testis expressed 46 () knockout mice to investigate the essential roles of TEX46 in mammalian reproduction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeminal extracellular vesicles alter porcine in vitro fertilization outcome by modulating sperm metabolism.
Theriogenology
April 2024
Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- The study focused on examining the effects of different subsets of extracellular vesicles (sEVs) found in porcine seminal plasma on in vitro fertilization (IVF) processes.
- Two different sizes of sEVs, small (S-sEVs) and large (L-sEVs), were isolated and characterized, revealing that they both negatively impacted sperm penetration rates and overall IVF efficiency.
- Further experiments indicated that while these sEVs impaired sperm binding to the oocyte's zona pellucida, they did not affect the oocyte's functionality itself.
Exosomes from porcine serum as endogenous additive maintain function of boar sperm during liquid preservation at 17 °C in vitro.
Theriogenology
April 2024
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Biology Research Centre of Qin Mountains Wildlife, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China. Electronic address:
The supplementation of sperm culture media with serum is quite common, and improves both sperm survival and motility. However, the link between serum and sperm remains poorly understood. The present study is the first investigation of the effects on sperm quality and function of endogenous porcine serum exosomes in medium used for culturing boar sperm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSperm Selection Using Zona Pellucida-Binding Enhanced Embryo Morphokinetic and Clinical Outcomes in ICSI: A Sibling Oocytes Study.
Am J Mens Health
January 2024
Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
The objective was to investigate the embryo morphokinitics using a time-lapse monitoring (TLM) system and assessment of clinical outcomes following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with zona pellucida (ZP)-bound sperm selection and conventional methods. A total of 371 metaphase II (MII) oocytes from 50 ICSI cycles were studied. Sibling oocytes were randomly divided into control ( = 199) and ZP-bound group ( = 172).
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