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Global, regional and national burden of pancreatic cancer and its attributable risk factors from 2019 to 2021, with projection to 2044.
Front Oncol
January 2025
The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Background: To estimate the global burden of pancreatic cancer in 2019 and 2021 including incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted-life-years (DALYs).
Methods: Data on pancreatic cancer incidence, mortality and DALYs were downloaded from the Global Health Data Exchange. The 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) were reported for annual numbers and rates (per 100,000 populations).
Risk of second primary malignancies among survivors of cutaneous melanoma: A nationwide population-based study in the Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
There is limited data on the risk of second primary malignancies (SPMs) in Asian melanoma survivors. This study aimed to identify the risk of SPMs in Asian melanoma survivors. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for overall and specific SPMs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo-dimensional Monte Carlo simulation coupled with multilinear regression modeling of source-specific health risks from groundwater.
J Hazard Mater
January 2025
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade 11120, Serbia. Electronic address:
Effective protection of groundwater requires an accurate health risk assessment of contaminants; however, the diversity of pollution sources, variability, and uncertainties in exposure parameters present significant challenges in this assessment. In this study, groundwater risk estimates associated with NO, and F, along with fourteen heavy metal(loid)s (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, As, Co, Cd, Se, Pb, Hg, Zn, and Al) in an agricultural area were optimized by implementing positive matrix factorization (PMF), multilinear regression, and two-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations to characterize source-specific health risks. Groundwater pollution was analyzed considering regional variations, including differences in elevation, land use and land cover, and soil types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProbabilistic Approaches for Risk Assessment and Regulatory Criteria Development: Current Applications, Gaps, and Opportunities.
Integr Environ Assess Manag
January 2025
Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, USA.
Traditional ecological and human health risk assessment often relies on deterministic frameworks that preclude the presence of variability or uncertainty among input parameters characterizing exposure, effects, and risk. To promote increased realism and generate more robust risk management decisions, probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) has been introduced as a foundational grouping of techniques that seeks to broadly characterize variability among its components. While multiple methods exist (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Derivation of Acute and Chronic Environmental Quality Standards for Nickel in European Surface Waters: A Demonstrable need to follow scientific evidence.
Integr Environ Assess Manag
January 2025
NiPERA, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) derived under the European Water Framework Directive are legally binding and enshrined in individual European Member State Country national legislation. These EQS are derived following well-established guidance documents. In 2013, EQS for nickel were derived for freshwaters to be protective against long and short-term exposures, at 4 and 34 µg L-1, respectively.
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